Impactos dos preços das commodities e das políticas governamentais sobre o desmatamento na Amazônia Legal / Impacts of commodities prices and government policies on deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon

AUTOR(ES)

Marcelo Dias Paes Ferreira

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

07/11/2011

RESUMO

Mankind has affected deforestation worldwide by a socio-economic process of expansion to new areas. For the Brazilian Amazon, that process began in the 1950s by settlement government policies. The concern with deforestation in that region started in the middle of 1980s, when policies of deforestation reduction were first applied. These policies were improved over the years and were pointed out by some studies as the reason of recent deforestation reduction. However, there are evidences that agricultural prices play an important role in the changes of deforestation within the Brazilian Amazon, especially soybean and cattle prices. Thus, it is necessary to understand the causes of deforestation in that region. To achieve that objective a theoretical framework of deforestation causes and panel data models in state and county level were used. The period of analysis was 1999-2008 in the state model and 2002-2008 in the county model. Results point that agricultural prices are more related to deforestation than the government policies on farm credit, agriculture and transportation. However, a method to measure the net effect of polices on deforestation showed that the new policies that focus on control in the areas where the deforestation were more likely to happen were successful, mainly in the Mato Grosso State. Results also show that the deforestation within the Brazilian Amazon happens by a process named Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC), in which the soybean crop occupies the cattle area, and the last occupies the forest. Finally, the conclusiom is that the deforestation is associated with both group of variables, agriculture prices and policies, but the degree of association is stronger with the variables of the first group.

ASSUNTO(S)

economia dos recursos naturais amazônia legal desmatamento políticas públicas brazilian amazon deforestation public policies

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