Impacto do controle da esquistossomose mansonica sobre o hospedeiro humano em area de baixa endemicidade (Pedro de Toledo, São Paulo, 1980-1992)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1995

RESUMO

A Schistosomiasis Control Program has been developed in the municipality of Pedro de Toledo, São Paulo, Brasil, since 1980. In this area the unique snail host is Biomphalaria tenagophila. The present work was undertaken to evaluate the impact of the control measures from 1980 to 1992, using epidemiological (quantitative) and social (qualitative) approaches. The epidemiological research included analysis of prevalence and incidence rates, and intensity of infection. The assessment of social aspects was done through questionnaires, wich were applied to the sample of local families and deep interviews, wich were performed with community leaders. Autochthonous cases represented the majority of the Schistosoma mansoni carriers. Despite the drop in the coverage rates, all parasitological indicators evidenced a strong reduction in the schistosomiasis transmission. The overall prevalence rate decreased from 23.0% in 1980 to 1.9% in 1992 and the overall incidence dropped from 5.2% in the period 1981/82 to 1,7% in the period 1990/91. The incidence and prevalence rates were higher in males and rural zone. Regression Analysis showed significative decrease in all prevalence and incidence rates during the program, except for the incidence in 0-4, 30-39 and >=40 age groups. The geometric mean of S. mansoni was 58,5 eggs per gramme of fasces (epg) in 1980. This parasitic burden decreased to 34,1 epg in 1987 and 28,7 epg in 1991, amongst autochthonous cases. Near 95.0% of the infected individuals were submited to specific treatment with oxaminiquine. Schistosomiasis was pointed out as health problem for the community and the majority of the families recognized the importance of the control program Although, 45.8% of the interviewed denied their participation in the control activities. According to the community leaders the inwardness oi people" and the low level of community participation in the design of the health policies are the main problems related with schistosomiasis controI. We conc1uded that: the schistosomiasis program produced a vigorous impact on enemy, but new agreements will be promoted in the model; the community participation in the schistosomiasis control is below its possibilities and changes, involving a more horizontal approach, will be done in the control strategy

ASSUNTO(S)

esquistossomose mansonica esquistossomose

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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