Identities, power and knowledge in a popular Brazilian TV program: a discursive approach / Identidades, poderes e saberes em um programa popular da televisão brasileira - uma abordagem discursiva

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2000

RESUMO

This dissertation is situated in the interdisciplinary convergence between the French approach to discourse analysis and the Media Studies in postmodernity. We set out to demonstrate, based on the observation of 10 episodes of a popular Brazilian TV program (Programa do Ratinho), how the genre is marked by a growing tendency towards the dispersion of identities, power and knowledge. Despite being restrained by discursive rules which determine their production and exhibition, these programs are characterized by constant negotiation and redefinition of the limits of power of the different subjects involved - hosts, lay and expert guests, and the audiences at home and in the studio. We propose that such tendency towards dispersion is associated with the markedly postmodern phenomenon of the dispersion of meanings, which in turn is grounded partly on the multiplicity of voices which are heard, at unequal levels of power, in the contemporary media formats. On the Brazilian popular broadcast in question, we observe an apparent contradiction regarding the construction of power and knowledge forms. On the one hand, the potential multiplicity of voices on the show points to a rather chaotic situation, in which discourses circulate without a distinct or stable hierarchy. On the other hand, there is a clear emphasis on the participantsnarratives of personal experience, of the kind that tend to debunk the authority of the official discourse of science - the expertise discourse of psychologists, lawyers and doctors - and to take on the status of parameters of authenticity. In this connection, the authenticity of knowledge (and also of power) becomes all the greater the better it is constructed and articulated within the concrete space of the popular broadcast, even if this implies a maximization of the performative element, which in this context is equivalent to authenticated truth.

ASSUNTO(S)

talk show programa do ratinho talk show television televisão discurso discourse programa do ratinho identity identidade

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