Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection in HIV positive and negative men: analysis of HPV persistence and histological findings in clinical and sub-clinical lesions / Infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) em homens soropositivos e negativos ao HIV: persistência e relação histológica de lesões clínicas e subclínicas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Co-infection with HPV and HIV modifies its natural history and increases the risk of warts and neoplasia development in the anogenital tract. Cohort studies to address HPV infection in the penis are scarce, mainly in HIV infected individuals. METHODS: A longitudinal study, non-probabilistic, was conducted with 144 men of 18 to 70 years old including 72 HIV-positive and 72 HIV-negative, partners of women with HPV-associated disease. The study was conducted between February 2004 and March 2005 at a large sexually transmitted clinic in São Paulo (CRT-DST/Aids). Men were followed for 180 days to determine persistence, acquisition and clearance of HPV DNA in penile swabs using PCR. In addition, we aimed to correlate the clinical features of genital lesions with histology and the presence of HPV DNA, compare the acquisition, persistence, clearance and absence of HPV infection with plasma HIV viral load, CD4 T-cell count and use of HAART. RESULTS: Both groups showed no significant differences regarding persistence, clearance, acquisition and/or absence of HPV during follow-up. Penile smears of HIV-positive men showed a higher frequency of oncogenic types in relation to the HIV-negative (P = 0.041), as well as a higher frequency of multiple HPV types (P = 0.049). Significantly higher HPV DNA acquisition and persistence rates were observed among HIV-positive men not submitted to HAART, with higher HIV loads and lower CD4+ cells count. Among those men using anti-retroviral therapy, lower viral loads and higher T cell counts, higher rates of clearance and HPV DNA absence were observed. CONCLUSIONS: This male population altogether is considered to be at high risk of HPV DNA infection, which may be the reason why no differences in HPV acquisition, persistence and clearance were observed. HIV-positive men had a higher frequency of multiple HPV infection and the most frequent were oncogenic types. HPV types 16, 6 and 84 were the most frequently found in HIV-positive men, while in HIV-negative men, HPV types 6, 51 and 84 prevailed. Clinical and aceto-white lesions presented the same histological features in both HIV seropositive and -negative men. Koilocytosis and papillomatosis were the most significant histological features found in clinical lesions when compared to the aceto-white lesions. In condylomas, only one type of HPV was present, often HPV 6 or 11. About 23% of aceto-white lesions had no HPV DNA; in HPV-positive lesions, the predominant type was HPV 6. Higher rates of acquisition and persistence of HPV infection occurred in men who were using HAART, with high HIV viral load and low count of CD4. In contrast, those not under anti-retroviral therapy, had low HIV load and high CD4 T cells levels showed higher rates of clearance of HPV infection.

ASSUNTO(S)

hiv condiloma acuminado infecções por papillomavírus men nature history hiv homens hpv condyloma acuminatum papillomavirus infections história natural do hpv

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