Hesitações na fala semi-espontanea : analise por series temporais / Hesitation phenomena in semi-spontaneous sppech : a time series analysis

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The focus of this experimental research is the temporal behavior of hesitation phenomena in semi-spontaneous speech. The possibility that hesitation phenomena occur periodically in spoken texts and their relations with text types, picture support and declarative knowledge were examined. The subjects were five young male adults, university students, native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese with no history of communication impairments. Each subject has produced four texts: state description from a bedroom picture, state description of his own bedroom, narrative from a cartoon and narrative about an experienced event. Hesitation phenomena were classified as silent hesitation pauses, filled pauses, hesitative repetitions, hesitative prolongations and false starts (retraced and unretraced); signs that were not considered as hesitation phenomena include fluent silent pauses, fluent or reformulative repetitions, fluent or reformulative prolongations, paraphrases, corrections and discourse markers. The texts were transcribed and the intervals with and without hesitation phenomena were distinguished. Hesitation phenomena intervals received the number ?0? and non-hesitation intervals received the number ?1?. The number codes were sampled at intervals of 200 milliseconds to generate time series. Descriptive statistics indicated that the duration of hesitation phenomena intervals fulfilled the null hypothesis of gamma distribution with mean and median around 1 second, minimum of 120 milliseconds and maximum of 5 seconds. Concerning total text duration, mean and median of hesitation phenomena were around 20%. Spectral analysis detected the existence of hesitation phenomena periodicities in all texts, with mean and median around 10 seconds, minimum of 2 seconds and maximum of 78 seconds. The periodic organization supports the notion that hesitation phenomena do not occur temporally by chance, because their oscillations repeat through time, what signals to dynamically stable phenomena that can be anticipated. The texts usually presented more than one periodicity, which were regarded as belonging to macroplanning, microplanning, grammatical encoder and phonological encoder; no periodicity was regarded as belonging to articulation. The suggestion that linguistic-cognitive processes are the basis of the observed periodicities support the notion of hesitation phenomena as a characteristic of current processing. The presence of more than one periodicity in the same text suggest that spoken language is processed in parallel by working memory with resources being shared by different linguistic-cognitive processes at the same time. Non-parametric statistics did not indicate significant differences when periodicities were compared with regard to text type (descriptive versus narrative texts), presence or absence of picture support (picture description and cartoon narrative versus personal description and personal narrative) and declarative knowledge type (semantic knowledge in picture description, personal description and cartoon narrative versus episodic knowledge in personal narrative), suggesting that hesitation phenomena are also a characteristic of speaker and not just a characteristic of current processing

ASSUNTO(S)

hesitação (linguistica) fluencia elicitation procedures series temporais fluency hesitation phenomena (linguistics) disfluencia procedimentos de eliciação disfluency time series

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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