Guilda de flores de Ãleo do Parque Nacional do Catimbau: fenologia, polinizaÃÃo e sistema reprodutivo

AUTOR(ES)

Elisangela LÃcia de Santana Bezerra

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The oil flowers are agrouped in nine families (Iridaceae and Orquidaceae â Monocots; Cucurbitaceae, Malpighiaceae, Plantaginaceae, Calceolariaceae, Solanaceae, Primulaceae and Krameriaceae â Eudicots), whose mais pollinators evolved independently inside two families ao Apoidea: Mellitidae and Apidae, whereas the bees of Centridini, Ctenoplectrini, Tapinotaspidini and Tetrapediini (Apidae) are exclusively Neotropical. The present study approaches the phenology, floral biology and reproductive systems of sympatric plant species with oil flowers at âParque nacional do Catimbauâ, Northeastern/Brazil, emphasizing the pollination mechanisms of this specialized system. An annual phonological pattern was registrered for Banisteriopsis stellaris, Stigmaphyllon paralias and Krameria tomentosa, promoting reavailability of rewards to floral visitors along the year. Morphological differences on the reproductive whorls of the Malpighiaceae flowers revealed three different arrangements in these structures, including the first record of enantiostyly in the family. This phenomenon occurred in Janusia anisandra and promotes the pollen deposition at different species that sharing the same pollinators. Banisteriopsis muricata and B. stellaris showed some changes in color of petals. There were 14 species of bees of the following genera that visit their flowers, Centris (n=10), Epicharis (n=2), Xylocopa (n=2). Furthermore, Apis mellifera (occasional pollinator) and Trigona spinipes (pollen rober) also visited their flowers. The analyses of mutualistic network interaction among the plant species and pollinators showed five species of Centris as the maisn pollinators of the oil flower guild. Banisteriopsis muricata was the most important species to oil-collecting bee community. The treatments of breeding system indicated self-incompatibility and agamospermy were also registered. According to these results, the guild of oil-flowers and oil-collecting bee shows close strategies with phonological patterns, morphological and reproductive aspects, allowing the co-existence of the species in the study area.

ASSUNTO(S)

centridini botanica malpighiaceae biologia floral caatinga malpighiaceae flores

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