Geoestatística no estudo da variabilidade espacial de atributos químicos e físicos do solo e da produtividade da pimenta-do-reino / Geostatistics in the study of the spatial variability of chemical and physical attributes of soil and productivity of the Piper nigrum L.

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

29/02/2008

RESUMO

The culture of Piper nigrum L. is one of the most profitable crops in the north of the Espírito Santo State. In view of the actual situation of nutritional management of culture adopted in the State, allied to the cultivation in regions of low natural fertility and to the high nutritional requirement, new technologies have been aggregated to the production system in use, in order to be available to the productive segment. Based on that, the work had as main objective the use of geostatistics for the study of spatial variability of physical and chemical attributes of the soil and its effects on productivity of the crop. The work was carried out in an experimental area located in commercial farming of Piper nigrum L. in the District of Nestor Gomes, Highway ES 381 km 28, in the Municipality of São Mateus, north of the Espírito Santo State. In the collection of data a regular grid of approximately 1.5 ha was used, totaling 94 sampling points, spaced 18 x 12 m between them. To determine the attributes, the soil was collected in the projection of the canopy`s in the depth of 0 to 0.2 m. The productivity (kg plant-1) was assessed through two harvests, in a year. For the evaluations, initially, was made a descriptive exploratory analysis without taking into consideration the spatial position of the samples for the identification of measures of position, dispersion and discrepant points (outliers) and, after, an exploratory spatial analysis taking into consideration the position of samples in the area to identify possible tendencies. The analysis of the spatial variability of attributes studied was determined by standardized semivariograms. With the adjustment and choosing of the models were defined the parameters required for the estimation of the values in positions not sampled in the field using the interpolation method for ordinary kriging for the preparation of maps which allowed the distinction of regions with less and greater variability of the attributes evaluated. With the results we can conclude that the use of techniques of geostatistics allow the identification of areas of the differentiated management of soil fertility through of the mapping of attributes studied. All attributes present structure of spatial dependence with varying the degree of dependence between strong and moderate, except for the levels of P and Mg showing pure nugget effect and AG adjusted to the linear model. A multiple linear regression identified the K, Ca and Mg, respectively, as the chemical attributes of greater influence in determining the productivity, and the map of the productivity of Piper nigrum L. predicted by the multiple spatial regression show similar spatial behavior to the map of productivity of the crop estimated by kriging.

ASSUNTO(S)

krigagem piper nigrum l. análise espacial regressão múltipla piper nigrum l. kriging spatial analysis multiple regression manejo e tratos culturais

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