Formação por competencias : do prescrito ao real / Formation for abilities : of the prescribed to the real

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

This current research is an analysis of the process of implementing competence orientation in state (public) schools situated in São Paulo metropolitan area. The analysis took place in the first half of the 2000?s and aimed at understanding the changes inserted in the educational system throughout the last two decades. The hypothesis for the research is that there is a rationalization movement which contaminates all aspects of social life, transforming the on-going educational process in order to correspond to job market needs. To fulfill the research, the investigation was carried out in two state schools which have primary and secondary education: the first one is a school which is related to a state, public university (school A); the second one, a school which is part of a network of state schools- supervised by the State Bureau of Education, which has partnership with a private enterprise (school B). The study in the schools was implemented from 2003 to 2006, and used semistructured questionnaires applied to teachers and coordinators as data resource. The informants were asked how they were implementing the competence orientations and which were, according to their point-of ?view, the innovations and changes in the educational actions (in different aspects such as curriculum and school work organization), as well as how resistance or consent to the process happened. The research also investigated the parents? understanding about the competenceorientation outcomes on the educational process. The study was complemented not only with the analysis of documents produced by the schools, by the state educational offices, mainly by the Federal Department of Education, by business and international associations, but also with field observations of school staff (teachers, coordinators, servants, directors) at work. The research in school A found highly-qualified professionals, hired under stable job contracts (Work Regulation Laws, in Portuguese called ?CLT?) and full-time week periods of work with positive conditions, not only because of the close relationship with the School of Education in the university, but also because of the availability of pedagogical resources, and the presence of students from different social groups. These conditions and work relationships were not sufficient to create spaces of resistance to the competence-orientation movement; where they were found, they were scattered, isolated and individualized. In general terms, most workers accepted the orientations in a positive way and worked towards the implementation of the changes, considering the teachers? work as a space of relative autonomy. However, in school B, the research found groups of less-qualified professionals, hired under temporary job contracts (although being regulated by statute) with high turnover of teachers and directors and several different week time periods of work (organized by hour-class); and unfavorable work conditions, compared to school A. These conditions and work relationships reported the difficulties of school staff to build and implement educational actions, ones which could last, root and produce long-term educational actions (like the ones in school A). The teaching of competencies is implemented through work projects, framing the students? education to their own reality. In both contexts, school staff sees their work as a space with relative autonomy, as well as a space of possibilities towards students? cultural and social change. However, in school B, the close relationship with the enterprise sets learning goals with are contradictory with school education, favoring job market orientations and needs. In school A, the close relationship with the university does not mean there is a process of breaking up with the process of educating towards job market needs (what is explicit in school B); this fact is revealed in the orientation towards university preparatory exams (in Portuguese, called ?vestibular?).

ASSUNTO(S)

curriculo por competencias organization of teaching work curriculum for competencies pedagogia das competencias educação em parceria relações de trabalho education for skills education in partnership organização do trabalho docente relationship pf work

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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