Evaluation of the hydraulic potential in hydrographic basins by using the geographical information systems / Avaliação do potencial hidráulico em bacias hidrográficas por meio de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The hydroelectric resources in the Country, either in terms of the capacity already installed and its potential still unexplored rather represent greatly strategic and economically important assets. In generation of the decentralized electric power, the hydroelectric minicentrals (MCHs) are distinguished within an environmental management and preservation context. One of the increasingly used tools in the studies of the viability for implanting either MCHs and reservoirs is the Geographical Information System (SIG). The ArcGis version 9.0 was used in this study, in order to develop a methodology for the identification of segments in the watercourse of a hydrographic sub-basin with potential to generate hydroelectric energy and the construction of reservoirs, as well as to simulate a reservoir able to attend the water supplying demand in Viçosa town, in the year 2030. The study was carried out in the sub-basin of Turvo river, that is located in the headwater of the Doce river. To obtaining the hydrologically consistent digital model (MDEHC), the following were used: altimetry data (level curves with 20m equidistant) and hydrography in scale 1:50.000 obtained from topographical maps in site of the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE); quoted points obtained by topographical survey along the waterfall segment of the Rio Turvo sub-basin and incorporated into IBGE contour lines; and digital altimetry data (rise digital model - MDE) SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) with 90m resolution, imported from the NASA site via ftp. The hydrography at scale 1:250.000 and digitalized from the IBGE topographical map was also used. MDE s were generated with space resolutions of 5 and 10m, so totaling eight simulations among the input data and the spatial resolutions. For the simulations using the input data consisting of either points quoted along the topographical survey and IBGE curves in the remaining sub-basin, hydrography at scale 1:50.000 for both spatial resolutions (PTCM5 - 5m and PTCM10 - 10m), the results showed to be satisfactory. The model was not sufficiently sensitive to determining waterfalls with values from 2 to 8m, by using IBGE level curves of 20m as input data or using the NASA data (MDE s) with 90m cell. The waterfall surveyed in field showed a value around 8.80m, whereas the simulation that most approached this value was PTCM5, as practically presenting the same result, therefore turning possible to generate 94.75kW potency. Concerning to determination of the maximum regularization capacity by the used methodology, nine sections with narrowing lower than 100m were identified along the main watercourse. In the case study for simulation of a reservoir that could attend the water demand in Viçosa town, in 2030, a field visit was accomplished at the sections 5, 6, 7 and 8, when the results found by SIG were confirmed. Besides its better location, the section 8 can show better cost/benefit in the future because it has the higher water accumulation reservoir.

ASSUNTO(S)

bacias hidrográficas energia hidrelétrica hydrographic basins sistemas de informação geográfica hydroelectric resources geographical information systems engenharia de agua e solo

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