GESTÃO AMBIENTAL EM BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS / ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN HYDROGRAPHIC BASINS

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The hydrographic basins are being occupied in an inadequate manner, which leads to a deterioration of the natural resources (Water Resources, Flora, Fauna, Soils and Air). The anthropical actions occur due to the inadequate use of the soil, in total disrespect as to the earth use capacity. The deforestation of the water spring, permanent preservation areas, farms and pastures in inadequate places, garbage and sewer without treatment, predatory hunting and fishing, industries releasing their rejects in the water courses, agro toxics, urbanization without planning among other actions reflect directly in the Natural Resources and in the life quality of the people who reside in the hydrographic basins. This paper had as its general objective to create and apply a methodology for the environmental management in hydrographical basins. The methodology takes into consideration 21 (twenty-one) parameters in the hydrographic basins deterioration analysis. They are: Soils, Climate Factors, Hydrogeology, Flora, fauna, Superficial Water Resources, Social Aspects, Economical Aspects, Technological Aspects, Soil Use and Occupation, Environmental Diagnosis, Urban Structure, Estates, Nature Conservation, Risk Situation, Tourist Potential, Public Health, Passive, Environmental Education, Legal Aspects and Institutional Structure. Each parameter was subdivided according to its characteristics and to each subdivision a pondered value (weight), varying from 1 (one) the lowest deterioration to 10 (ten) the highest deterioration, according to the numbers of classes established by each parameter; in such way that for the highest pondered value class (weight) corresponded to the worst Hydrographic Basin Environmental deterioration. The methodology was applied to the spring of the Ibicuí Mirim River, RS, where all the parameters were studied through the field survey, laboratories, literature research, carried out by a multi-disciplinary team, which resulted in 40.83% of deterioration in the Ibicuí Mirim Hydrographic Basin. The Ibicuí Mirim springs are deteriorated due to the deforestation which still occurs, agriculture in no-capacity areas, erosions, predatory hunting and fishing, agro-toxics application, social and economical problems, defective urban structure, the lack of nature conservation programs, and inexistence of environmental education in the schools. Through the application of the recommendations it will be possible to lower the calculated deterioration through the methodology

ASSUNTO(S)

anthropical actions hydrographic basin environment bacia hidrográfica ambiência ações antrópicas engenharia agricola

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