Evaluation of epidural or systemic tramadol and epidural morphine in bitches submitted to ovariohysterectomy / Avaliação do emprego do tramadol epidural ou sistêmico e da morfina epidural em cadelas submetidas à ovariohisterectomia

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to compare epidural or systemic tramadol and morphine to control postoperative pain in bitches submitted to ovariohysterectomy and to determine the effects of treatments on cardio and respiratory systems as well as side effects. Forty female dogs were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 received 2 mg/kg of epidural tramadol, group 2 received 2 mg/kg of intramuscular tramadol, group 3 received 0,1 mg/kg of epidural morphine and group 4 as the control group, received saline solution. Treatments were administered 30 minutes before the induction of anesthesia and study was a prospective blinded clinical trial. Animals were premedicated with acepromazine, and anesthesia was induced with propofol. Isoflurane was used for the maintenance of anesthesia. Variables measured were: analgesia and sedation, cardiac and respiratory rates, arterial blood pressure, end-tidal isoflurane and carbon dioxide, oxyhemoglobin saturation, plasma catecholamines, serum cortisol, pH and blood gases. Patients were monitored for 24 hours after the administration of the analgesic agents. Data were submitted to analysis of variance. Values of p <0,05 were considered significant. There were no differences between groups with regard to oxygenation, ventilation and cardiovascular variables except for diastolic blood pressure which showed lower values in the morphine-treated group compared to other groups at six hours of evaluation, as well as lower pain scores at several evaluation moments. Rescue analgesia was not needed in the morphine group and the isoflurane concentration was significantly lower in relation to the other groups at 10 minutes of anesthesia, and at 30 minutes of anesthesia in relation to the control group. The epidural morphine group showed lower cortisol value at 2-hour evaluation as compared to intramuscular tramadol and control groups. The epidural tramadol and morphine groups had lower epinephrine value than intramuscular tramadol group. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that epidural tramadol is a safe analgesia technique for dogs, free of undesirable effects, although epidural morphine was more effective than other groups without side effects

ASSUNTO(S)

tramadol bitches morphine analgesia (epidural) analgesia (epidural) cães morfina tramadol

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