Estudos epidemiológicos em área de leishmaniose tegumentar no município de Bela Vista, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The epidemiological studies undertaken permitted the isolation and identification of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in patients from the municipality of Bela Vista, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, thus expanding our knowledge of this parasites distribution. The captures of phlebotomines were undertaken from February 2004 to January 2006, using automatic light traps (ALTs), Shannon traps and Disney traps in forested environments and ALTs in domestic animal shelters. With the three types of traps, a total of 1,999 specimens belonging to three subtribes, eight genera and 19 species of Phlebotominae were captured: Brumptomyiina: Brumptomyia avellari, Br. brumpti and Brumptomyia sp; Lutzomyiina: Evandromyia aldafalcaoae, Ev. bourrouli, Ev. cortelezzii, Ev. evandroi, Ev. lenti, Ev. teratodes, Ev. termitophila, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Pintomyia christenseni and Sciopemyia sordellii; Psychodopygina: Bichromomyia flaviscutellata, Nyssomyia whitmani, Psathyromyia aragaoi, Ps. campograndensis, Ps. punctigeniculata and Ps. shannoni. Of this total, 22.7% were captured on the Shannon traps (33,9% of the females being of Ps. punctigeniculata; 7.7% of Bi. flaviscutellata and 4.4% of Lu. longipalpis); 17.7% in the ALTs (in the forest 70.6% of the specimens captured belonged to Brumptomyia and in the domestic animal shelters, 80.2% belonged to Lu. longipalpis) and 59.6% in the Disney traps (57.6% of Ev. bourrouli and 41.4% of Bi. faviscutellata; 81.7% of the females being of this species). The occurrence of Ev. evandroi in the State is here registered for the first time. Bi. flaviscutellata occurred in all the forested environments sampled, with more regular frequencies during the dry period of the year, though showing a peak in March. No natural infection by Le. amazonensis was observed in Bi. flaviscutellata, however its peak of capture coincident with the period of natural infection in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) used as bait in Disney traps, suggests the existence of an enzootic cycle in the area, with periodic and accidental infection of people who enter it, since females of this sandfly were captured (although in low frequency) on the Shannon traps, indicating their anthropophily. Besides the presence of the vectors of Le. amazonensis and Le. chagasi, Ny. whitmani, a known vector of Le. braziliensis, was found, albeit in very low frequency.

ASSUNTO(S)

flebotomíneos leishmania amazonensis animal bait ciencias da saude leishmania amazonensis natural infection mato grosso do sul state vetores isca animal vectors infecção natural mato grosso do sul phlebotomines

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