Estudo Químico e Bioprospecção de Produtos da abelha Apis mellifera L. do Estado do Ceará / Study Chemical Products and Bioprospecting bee Apis mellifera L. Ceará State

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

02/03/2011

RESUMO

Ceará is one of the largest producer and exporter of Apis mellifera L. honey in Brazil but there is little information about its physical and chemical properties and biological activities. The main aim of this thesis is the chemical study and bioprospection of honeys, propolis and pollen produced by Apis mellifera L. in Ceará State, as manner of to obtain a correlation between the chemical composition and the biological activities of the bee products of Ceará for the characterization of these compounds as functional foods. The samples were obtained through direct contact with beekeeper of different regions of Ceará State. The samples were collected in different periods of the year. Physicochemical constituents of honeys were examined according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Codex Alimentarius Commission and International Honey Commission methods. Protein contents were determined using Bradford method, and minerals were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Significant differences were observed in the content of proteins, minerals, moisture, and total acidity (P<0.01) among different floral sources of honey. The levels of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cr, and Se varied 1.8-47.2, 21.3-1513.3, 14.6-304.8, 2.5-28.3, 0.12-8.7, 0.07-1.29, 0.06-1.96, 0.07-1.85, 22.5x10-3-170.3x10-3 e 0.36x10-3-62.0x10-3 mg/kg, respectively. Myracrodruon urundeuva honey presents high contents of main minerals (Na, K, Ca and Mg). Protein content for Anacardium occidentale honey was higher (1121 Sg g-1), followed by honeys from M. urundeuva (845.8 Sg g-1) and Ziziphus joazeiro (724.5 Sg g-1). Among the minerals detected in honeys, K showed the highest concentration followed by Ca, Na, and Mg. With few exceptions, physicochemical parameters, protein and mineral contents of honey from Ceará state are similar to those found in good quality honeys, pointing out M. urundeuva honey. It was determined total phenolics content, flavonoids content, antioxidant activity and antiacetylcholinesterase activity. The total phenol content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau method and the flavonoid content was analyzed by the AlCl3 method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH scavenging test. Honey samples from Lippia sidoides Cham (IC50 4.20 1.07 mg/mL) and M. urundeuva Fr. All. (IC50 28.27 1.41 mg/mL) showed better antioxidant activity and presented higher values of total phenols (108.50 3.52 mg GAE/100g for L. sidoides and 68.55 1.01 mg GAE/100g for M. urundeuva). In antiacetylcholinesterase assay several honey samples presented relevant results. The physicochemical parameters, phenolic contents and antioxidant properties of propolis samples from Caatinga biome were evaluated. Physicochemical parameters of propolis are in accordance with Brazilian regulation. Mineral elements analyzed were, in crescent content order, potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na) and iron (Fe). Good linear correlation was found between total total flavonoid contents and antiradical activity. Characteristic features for Caatinga biome propolis are the presence of rutin and quercetin as common flavonoid components and the main volatile compounds are caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, fatty acid esters and hydrocarbons. These results suggest that propolis of Caatinga biome is a promising source of bioactive compounds for developing medicinal products. It was analyzed one sample of bee pollen from Cocos nucifera and two heterofloral samples. The physicochemical parameters are in accordance with Brazilian regulation. The total phenol content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau method and the flavonoid content was analyzed by the AlCl3 method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH scavenging test. Bee pollen sample heterofloral (IC50 3.93 0.230 mg/mL) showed better antioxidant activity and presented higher values of total phenols (19.5210.211 mg GAE/g). Protein contents were determined using Bradford method. Pollen sample HS1 showed higher value of protein (1.6840.351 mg/L). Discovery of compounds with pharmacologic potential in propolis and of the antiacetylcholinesterase activity observed in honeys and propolis of Caatinga biome enriches the medicinal potential of these products

ASSUNTO(S)

produtos apícolas apis mellifera compostos fenólicos atividade antioxidante atividade antiacetilcolinesterase atividade antimicrobiana processos bioquimicos bee products apis mellifera phenolic compounds antioxidant activity antiacetylcholinesterase activity antimicrobial activity

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