Estudo eletroquímico das interações entre sulfetos de ferro / Electrochemical study of iron sulphides interactions

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1999

RESUMO

The electrochemical behavior of iron sulfides, pyrite, pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite was studied in acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer, pH = 4.5. The investigations included the dissolution of minerals (isolated and mixed in pairs) and the studies of the deposition of silver ions on the electrode surfaces, taking into account the semiconducting properties of each one. Based on the data obtained using cyclic voltammetry, capacitance and photoelectrochemical measurements and scanning electron microscopy, mechanisms of dissolution for each mineral were proposed. The dissolution of the three minerals was evaluated taking into account the relative amounts of SO42-, S and Fe(OH)3 obtained and evidenced that the relative amount of sulfate formed from pyrite is greater that from pyrrhotite. Arsenopyrite presents intermediate behavior. The quantity of iron hydroxide produced by pyrrhotite is greater that produced by pyrite and arsenopyrite. The presence of the As2S3 in the surface of the arsenopyrite electrode inhibits the reduction of sulfur. The results obtained with the electrodes constructed with two minerals show that, in potentials next to Eoc, the reactions producing sulfur and Fe(III) predominate. Above 0.8 V, the oxidation of S and/or S2O32- occurs, generating sulfate for all electrodes. On the electrodes, containing arsenopyrite, the oxidation of As2S3 also takes place. The presence of pyrite in the mixture of minerals (more than 40% in weight) causes a decrease of the local pH, favoring the thiosulfate decomposition. The values of the flat band potentials have been estimated based on Gartners and Mott-Shottky s models. The value of the band gap energy, of each mineral and of the mixed electrodes, was evaluated. It was established that, in the working solution, the Fermi level of the minerals coincided with the redox potential of the electrolyte. The open circuit potential is determined by the presence of oxides/hydroxides on the electrode surface. The pyrrhotite addition reduces the quantum efficiency while the presence of arsenopyrite favors the photoelectrochemical yield of the electrodes. An increase of the amount of pyrrhotite produces a decrease in the value of the bandgap energy of the electrodes. The pyrite/pyrrhotite mixture, for any composition, favors the sulfur production in detriment of the sulfate one. At open circuit conditions, the mixture pyrite/arsenopyrite does not present any variation. The study of the deposition of silver ions showed that the contact with the metallic ions in solution does not produce significant morphologic modifications on the electrode surfaces. The metallic silver and the silver sulfide formed are incorporated in small grains spread along the surface. It was demonstrated that silver sulfide and elemental silver might be identified by the inspection of the voltammograms. In the electrodes constructed with mineral combinations the interactions with silver ions occur, specially, in the grains of pyrrhotite or arsenopyrite for all compositions. The silver concentration in solution plays an important role increasing the dissolution rate of the sulfides. The S2O32- and H2S consumption may intensify the dissolution rate of the minerals. The mixture pyrite-pyrrhotite improves the interactions with Ag+ ions, at open circuit, by producing more S2O32-/S for the chemical interactions and by increasing the electron concentration at the surface. On the other hand, the presence of arsenopyrite disfavors the interactions with silver as it reduces the number of charge carriers on the electrode surface. Moreover, the formation of arsenic sulfides limits the reduction of sulfur and the chemical interactions with ions in solution.

ASSUNTO(S)

eletroquímica interação oxidação pirrotita físico-química arsenopyrite oxidation pyhrrotite physical chemistry electrochemistry arsenopirita pyrite pirita interaction

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados