Epidemiological profile of blood donors with serologic diagnosis of syphilis and HIV / Perfil epidemiológico de doadores de sangue com diagnóstico sorológico de sífilis e HIV

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The study of the epidemiological profile of seropositive blood donors is essential to improve blood banks pre-donation and serologic screenings and guide blood safety policies. The profile of blood donors with serologic diagnosis of syphilis was studied in a retrospective cross-sectional study in which blood donor with recent syphilis (N=278) were compared to blood donor with past disease (N=2 161). The profile of blood donors HIV seropositive was studied in a case-control study in which HIV infected blood donor cases (N=272) were compared to HIV false positive blood donor controls (N=468). Both studies were conducted between January, 1999 and December, 2003. Demographic characteristics, category of donation, number of previous donations, potential risk factors for syphilis and HIV infection, number of previous donations, sexual behavior and reactivity on other serologic screening tests were assessed after donation when donors returned to be notified about their serologic status. Risk factors used as donor deferral criteria were reported by 48.9% of cases and 9.4% of controls during post-donation counseling. In multivariate analysis, male cases were significantly more likely to report male-male sex, a previous sexual transmitted disease diagnosis, exchanging money for sex and two or more partners in the past 12 months. HIV-positive male donors were also more likely to be anti-HCV and HBV core antibody reactive. Female cases were more likely to report an intravenous drug user partner, a sexual partner with multiple sex partners or who had a history of sex with a sex worker, and two or more partners in the past 12 months. Syphilis seropositive blood donors were predominantly heterosexual males. Donors with past syphilis were more likely to be older, replacement donors and part of them referred past of high risk behavior when compared to those with past disease. On the other hand, donors with recent syphilis were younger, the majority of them community donors, referred male-male sex more frequently and presented an association with HIV 18 times higher when compared to those with past disease. In multivariate analyses factors associated with recent infection for syphilis included younger ages, two previous donations, male-male sex, two or more sexual partners in the last 12 months and HIV seropositivity. In conclusion, a substantial number of HIV infected donors reported a risk factor that could have been identified in the pre-donation screening, male-male sexual behavior was still the strongest determinant of HIV status in the studied population, blood donors with recent syphilis represent a group of high risk sexual behavior in relation either to blood donation or to acquire other sexually transmitted diseases, it is a reasonable approach to enhance efforts to retain qualified replacement donors in the pool of repeat donors as a safe resource for the blood supply.

ASSUNTO(S)

doadores de sangue hiv blood donors sífilis/diagnóstico syphilis/diagnosis hiv risk factors serologic tests perfil de saúde health profile fatores de risco testes sorológicos

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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