Effect of soybean oil in the endosulfan persistence in the environment. / Efeito de óleo de soja na persistência de endosulfan no ambiente.
AUTOR(ES)
Célia Maria Dias Corrêa
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2005
RESUMO
The pesticides make part of a technology that is associated to the agriculture modernization. With their generalized use many problems occur and are diagnosed, among others, the water and soil contamination. The persistence in the environment is related to their physical and chemical properties, as well to the environment that defined the transport, retention and transformation processes in environment compartments. In world wide point of view, techniques that try to minimize the number of applications, the use of products that possibility a fast microbial degradation and synthesis of products with lower potential to the environmental contamination can help the rationalization process and safer use of pesticides, in order to preserve the biodiversity of the soil microbiota. The adhesive dispersed are used in agriculture as adjuvants to the pesticide application. Until now efficacy control studies in harmful agents with pesticides in the presence and absent of adjuvants have been known, but there are few knowledge about their combined effects in the soil. This study had the objective to verify the effect of vegetable oil in the persistence of the endosulfan, the inseticide that shows a considerable use in cultures with important projection in the Brazil agribusiness sector. At first a test was conducted to select the more suitable oil, between soybean and sunflower, under degumming and refined processes using plates with culture medium and inoculated with fungi Aspergillus sp (CAD G1). In the plates test observed that the colony diameter increased in 81.07% in the presence of the soybean degumming oil and endosulfan (OSDu+E+I) compared with the absence soybean degumming oil (E+I). In front of the presented results, the soybean degumming oil added with emulsifier (OSDu) was chosen, which commercial product is the Naturl Oil. The mentioned processes were evaluated by studies: carbon and nitrogen transformation by soil microorganisms, leaching and biodegradability in soils testing the following concentrations: DMA (700 g of endosulfan /ha - DMA) and DMA+O (700 g of endosulfan mixed with the 2L/ha of Naturl Oil). The results showed that statistically there were not significant differences in the carbon and nitrogen transformations, such in the biodegradability test in the soil, when compared the treatments in presence and absent of the Naturl Oil. The leaching results showed the following the endosulfan percents: 91.68 and 66.04 in the soil and 5.18 and 4.98 in the leached, for treatments DMA and DMA+O, respectively. The leached values were not statically different. However, for soil results observed that the presence of Naturl Oil promotes a lower adsorption of endosulfan and higher dissipation. In fact the presence of Naturl Oil did not affect the carbon and nitrogen transformation and biodegradability test of endosulfan in soil and in the leaching process, the presence of oil brought positives increments, disfavoring the pesticide percolation. The added of oils like adhesive dispersed should be considerate in pesticide application to reduce the leaching and for avoid the direct contact of pesticides with soil microorganisms, providing a higher lag phase and the biodiversity preservation.
ASSUNTO(S)
solo - efeito vegetable oil soil - effect óleo vegetal inseticide - interaction inseticida - interação
