Efeito dos extratos do albedo de Citrus sinensis, Lentinula edodes, Agaricus blazei e dos compostos orgânicos voláteis produzidos por Saccharomyces cerevisiae no controle da mancha preta dos citros / Effect of albedo extracts of Citrus sinensis, Lentinula edodes, Agaricus blazei and volatile organic compounds produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the control of citrus black spot

AUTOR(ES)

Leonardo Toffano

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The citrus black spot is a disease that restricts the export of Brazilian oranges to the countries in Europe. Except for Citrus aurantium and its hybrids, all other varieties are susceptible to the pathogen. Thus, there is great interest that this disease does not occur, since it is considered a quarantine A1 disease. Problems associated with the acquisition of fungal resistance and the perception of the general public about the potential impact of traditional control measures over the health and the environment led to a growing demand for products free of chemical residues. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts of the albedo of C. sinensis, L. edodes, A. blazei and the suspension of S. cerevisiae cells in the control of citrus black spot when associated with cooling. The fruits of C. sinensis var. Valencia, after being treated with the extracts, were stored for 21 days at 3 º C and then 4 days at 25 ° C (there were five evaluations during the experiment). This work also verified the efficiency of volatile organic compounds produced by S. cerevisiae in the control of citrus black spot when applied in post-harvest. The CR-1 strain of yeast S. cerevisiae was put to grow inside polystyrene plates containing potato-dextrose-agar medium. The plates were placed in closed glass containers of 3 L, along with fruits of C. sinensis var. Valencia showing symptoms of citrus black spot. Finally, it was verified the effect of different organic compounds, identified from the S. cerevisiae and obtained from commercially available products, on in vitro mycelial growth, germination and appressorium formation by G. citricarpa and on the in vivo control of citrus black spot under post-harvest conditions. The results showed that the aqueous extracts of the albedo of C. sinensis, L. edodes and A. blazei exhibit potential to control the black spot in orange (C. sinensis var. Valencia) associated with cooling, since they inhibited the appearance of new lesions. The volatile compounds produced by S. cerevisiae inhibited the expression of symptoms in fruits of C. sinensis var. Valencia, when treated in postharvest. On the other hand, the microbial volatile organic compounds, 2-methyl-1- butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol inhibited the growth of Guignardia citricarpa in vitro and acted as control agents by inhibiting the appearance of new lesions of black spot in fruits of Valencia orange when applied in post-harvest.

ASSUNTO(S)

laranja pós-colheita. organic compounds postharvest. compostos orgânicos mancha preta plant diseases black spot doenças de plantas leveduras orange yeast

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