Efeito do tamanho do abrasivo no desgaste de metais. / The effect of abrasive size on the wear resistance of metallic materials.

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

08/06/2010

RESUMO

In this research, the effect of abrasive size on the wear resistance of five metallic materials was investigated. Abrasive wear tests using a pin test on alumina paper were carried out using abrasive sizes between 16 µm and 192 µm. The wear surface of the specimens was examined by scanning electron microscopy for identifying the wear micromechanism and the type of microchips formed on the abrasive paper (wear debris). In a first series of experiments mottled cast iron samples with M 3 C carbides were tested. The samples were quenched and tempered in temperatures ranging from 300°C to 600°C. For small abrasive particles, the wear mass loss increased linearly with the increase of particle size. However, for higher abrasive sizes the wear mass loss increased much more slowly. For lower abrasive sizes the main wear mechanism was microcutting. For higher abrasive sizes, the main wear mechanism was microploughing. In a second series of experiments white cast iron with M 3 C carbide with austenitic and martensitic matrix were tested. The results show that the mass loss for cast irons with austenitic and martensitic matrices increases linearly with the increase of particle size until the critical particle size is reached. The cast iron with austenitic matrix presented a critical abrasive size of 36 µm and for the martensitic cast iron, the critical particle size was about 116 µm. After the critical particle size is reached, the rate of mass loss of the cast iron with austenitic matrix diminishes to a lower linear rate, and for cast irons with martensitic matrix the curve of mass loss is non-linear and flattens when the critical particle size is reached. It becomes, then, constant, independent of additional size increases. The abrasive paper in contact with the iron of both austenitic and martensitic matrices presents fine continuous microchips and the main wear mechanism was microcutting before reaching critical particle size, and after that it presents deformed discontinuous microchips and the main wear mechanism was microploughing. This behavior of change in rates after reaching a critical size happened not only for mass loss versus abrasive size, but it was also observed both in curves of friction coefficient and specific cutting energy versus abrasive size. In a third series of experiments aluminum and AISI 1045 steel were tested. The first (FCC structure) showed similar behavior to that observed in the white cast iron with austenitic matrix and the latter showed similar behavior to that observed in white cast iron with martensitic matrix. Both aluminum and AISI 1045 steel show similar changes in the microchips morphology and in the wear micromechanisms, something that had been observed before in materials with hard second phase. In a fourth series of experiments gray cast iron was tested in order to demonstrate the relationship between the abrasive wear micromechanisms and the type of microchips, before and after achieving critical abrasive size. The grey cast iron did not show a transition in the curve of abrasive size against mass loss. The morphology of the chips was similar for the different sizes of abrasive (discontinuous). However, smaller abrasive sizes some thin continuous microchips were formed. The main abrasive wear micromechanism was microcutting for the different abrasives sizes tested. Therefore, it was shown that the critical abrasive size is related to the wear micromechanisms and the microchips morphology.

ASSUNTO(S)

abrasive size hard second phase materials materiais com segunda fase dura microcavacos microchips micromecanismos de desgaste tamanho de abrasivo wear micromechanisms

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