Efeito de produtos vegetais na qualidade fisiologica e sanitaria de sementes de labe-labe (Dolichos lablab L.) na armazenagem

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1998

RESUMO

The lablab bean (Dolichos lablab L.) is a useful annual or biennial fabacea of ample potencial use in agriculture as forage, hay, fodder, ensilage, green manure and even as human feed in certain countries. In the State of São Paulo (Brazil), cv. Rongai is the one most often found commercial/y. Its seeds, however, are frequently attacked by insects, special/y weevils and beetles, which infest the seeds in the field, during seed processing or storaging. Therefore, its treatment immediately after processing is often recommended in addition to periodical treatment during the storage period, until its commercialization. With the aim of protecting these seeds, the objective of this work was to compare the effects of the following natural products: rhyzome powder of tumeric 77 (Curcuma longa L.), fruit and leaf powder of chinaberry tree (Melia azedarach L.), both at 1% and 5% seed weight, a commercial chemical treatment (CT) composed by Captan, K-Obiol, Actellic and a dye, and combinations of CT and tumeric and CT and chinaberry tree as previously described. Treatment effects were evaluated regularly, for 12 months, by means of the following parameters: water content at 103°C and at 105°C, physical purity, infested seeds, thousand-seed weight (TSW), seed pathology, seed germination and vigor (as expressed in terms of the first count of the germination test and the accelerated aging test). The infested seeds were evaluated more frequently. The experiment was conducted as a split-plot, in a completely randomized design, with three replications for each treatment, which represented the plots while the storage periods represented the sub-plots. Fungus incidence was statistically evaluted by means of the non-parametric test of Kruskal-Wallis. The results indicated that, after six-month storage, the chemically untreated seeds died, possibly in consequence of intense insect attack; seed water content was superior when evaluated at 105°C than at 103°C up to the second evaluation, after which they did not differ between themselves; TSW increased from the first to the second evaluation and decreased thereafter, probably in consequence of the 78 insect attacks on the chemically untreated seeds. Identical reduction was observed in the results of the germination and accelerated aging tests. Up to 140 days after seed treatment, false-tumeric powder at 5% levei, was as effective as commercial chemical treatment (CT) in protecting the seeds. None of the natural products compared, associated or not with CT, had any influence on seed germination; tumeric powder had a significant effect as well in protecting the seeds against the fungi Penicillium spp., durring six month storage

ASSUNTO(S)

sementes - armazenamento germinação inseto - controle produtos vegetais

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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