Economic and environmental sustainability of land and use system of family agriculture in State of Acre / Sustentabilidade socioeconômica e ambiental de sistemas de uso da terra da Agricultura Familiar no Estado do Acre

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The depletion of Brazilian Amazon has as main negative consequences the greenhouse gas emissions and the extinction of species. The expansion of the agricultural in the Amazon, and particularly in the state of Acre, has been considered the main cause of that deforestation. The forest cut down has not been followed by improvements on the rural household life conditions. The land use systems important determinants of the deforestation measures and the household income levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sustainability of traditional and alternative land use systems and to identify the determinants for adoption of different land use systems and for deforestation in main region of small-scale farmer production in the State of Acre, Brazilian Amazon. The methodology is based on cost-benefit analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, and multinomial logistic and SUR econometric models. Annual and semiannual crops, semi-perennial crops, cattle and remaining forest were systems considered in the analysis. The study areas were the four main regions of household agricultural production in the State of Acre. The main results show that: (i) the traditional land use systems are not practiced in sustainable environmental bases, but they are superior to the alternative systems in social and economics terms; (ii) semiannual crops, semi-perennial crops and cattle systems become sustainable when subsidized, seeking the use of fertilizers and correctives in substitution to the forest biomass as source of nutrients to the crops; (iii) annual and semiannual systems, with base in the manioc flour production, become unsustainable with subsidy to inorganic fertilizers and correctives, having other items of cost or revenue subsidies need, because of system social importance in the study region; (iv) access to credit, origin of colonists, larger wealth and labor availability are the main determinants of system adoptions; (v) household labor, access to credit, larger wealth, hired labor and land tenure increase the deforestation in the household agriculture lots; (vi) the poverty-deforestation hypothesis, that relates larger household income with larger forest preservation, was rejected; and (vii) alternatives systems that present large demand for nutrients tend to demand larger subsidies and social costs.

ASSUNTO(S)

sistema agropecuário sur economias agraria e dos recursos naturais sur multinomial logistic poverty pobreza logit multinomial agricultural system deforestation desmatamento

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