Ecological study of the effects of particulate matter atmospheric polution over the population of Piracicaba-SP / Estudo ecologico dos efeitos do material particulado atmosferico inalavel sobre a população do municipio de Piracicaba-SP

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

Countless studies point to associations between events of air pollution and increase in mortality from diseases of the circulatory and respiratory systems. The city of Piracicaba- SP is considered a center of national industrial production relying on steel industries and sugarcane and alcohol mills that require extensive crops of sugarcane in which is commonly employed the use of fire prior to harvesting, generating thus, an excessive production of particulate matter. This study aims to evaluate the association between deaths from diseases of the circulatory and respiratory systems, and atmospheric concentrations of inhalable particulate matter pollution in 10ìm in diameter (PM10). This work was divided in two articles of epidemiological research carried out in Piracicaba-SP. The first article analyzed the statistical association between variables such as atmospheric concentration of inhalable particulate matter and urban deaths from circulatory and respiratory diseases, adjusted for seasonality: relative humidity and temperature. The results showed a statistically significant correlation between relative humidity and atmospheric concentration of particulate matter, and a weak correlation for deaths from diseases of circulatory system and air concentrations of particulate matter - RR: 1.006 (1,002-1,010) - demonstrating that interquartile variations in the concentration of the pollutant generate increases in death rates from diseases of the circulatory and respiratory systems. It can be concluded that the pollutant particulate matter is inversely correlated with the seasonal variable relative humidity, and the rates of deaths from diseases of circulatory system showed statistically significant relationship with the atmospheric concentration of PM10. The second article, examined the hotspots reported by the Space Research National Institute - INPE, from fires in rural and urban area of Piracicaba-SP, and its correlation with the atmospheric concentration of inhalable urban particulate matter and deaths from disease of circulatory and respiratory systems, providing the frequency of death and hotspots in a GIS - Geographic Information System, by the ArcGIS 9.2. The results showed a total of 255 outbreaks of fire for the year 2007, with the presence of a statistically significant correlation between the number of outbreaks of fire and atmospheric concentration of particulate matter. The deaths frequency and distribution were higher in the central and most populous districts, however, the specific mortality rate was higher in the peripheral suburbs, more susceptible to pollution and socioeconomic variables. It can be concluded by this study that most hotspots reported by INPE occurred between May and October, coinciding with the sugarcane harvesting season and the highest records of material particulate atmospheric concentration in the municipality. Concerning the mortality rates, other studies are necessary taking into account social and economic variables of the populations exposed to these risks

ASSUNTO(S)

mortalidade sistema de informações geograficas air pollution mortality ar - poluição geographic information system

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