Ecologia e taxonomia da associaÃÃo de Copepoda Harpacticoida no talude da Bacia de Campos , RJ, Brasil

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Taxonomy and ecology of Copepoda Harpacticoida from sediments of Campos Basin Slope are presented here (chapter 1), as well as the description of threee new species of Echinopsyllus (chapter 2) and a discussion concerning new insights for geographic and bathyme tric distribution of Ancorabolidae (chapter 3). A total of 44 stations were sampled along nine transects, considering five different depths (750 m, 1050 m, 1350 m, 1650 m and 1950 m) at North and South areas of Campos Basin and two sedimentary strata (0-2 and 2-5cm). To analyze the taxonomic composition and ecologicals aspects of data, were done graphics and tables. The Shannon-Wiener diverse index and Pielou eveness were calculated. The non-parametric ANOVA kruskal-Wallis was applied to number of individuals of Copepoda Harpacticoida to test diferences between strata. To determine the ecological patterns of community, the Bray-Curtis similarity index was calculated after that, a non-metric multi-dimensional analysis (MDS) was conducted, consider diferent ts factors: campaign, areas, depths and strata. The significance of samples groups was tested by ANOSIM. To evaluate the relationship among Copepoda Harpacticoida community structure and environmental variables, was done BIOENV analyse. The faunistic composition of Copepoda Harpacticoida was found at Campos Basin has shown similarities with other Ãreas, specially, Angola Basin; Even so, a high percentual value of new taxa was found at Campos Basin (10 new genera and 78 new species). The values of density were less, in general, in compare to other deep sea studies. The diverse has presented high values in different stations and stud ied areas, and a tendency to decrease in relation to increase the depth. The most superficial stratum showed, significantly, the highest values of density and diversity that confirm the previous information at literature. Using different taxonomic levels, the community has shown a similar pattern. The use of high taxonomic levels causes a strong damages in the knowledge of marine biodiversity. The discovery of new species of Echinopsyllus extends the distributional range of the genus to the southern hemisphere and is further evidence for the formerly unexpected wide genus-level distribution of Ancorabolidae in the worldâs oceans. The phylogenetic position of Echinopsyllus within Ancorabolinae is discussed. The observations on the latitudinal, depth and temperature-range records of ancorabolids evidenced a clear distributional trend: the shallow- and deep-water records derive from high- latitude localities, and records from lower latitudes come only from deep waters. This pattern enabled us to hypothesize that the latitudinal depth-range distribution of ancorabolid species may be controlled/restrained by temperature. The basal phylogenetic position of the subfamily Laophontodinae suggests that the Ancorabolidae was originally a family from shallow waters and cold continental shelves from subantarctic waters that radiated into the deep sea

ASSUNTO(S)

oceanografia deep sea biodiversidade marinha brasil mar profundo meiofauna animal phylogeny atlantic ocean copepoda harpacticoida bacia de campos taxonomia marine biodiversity marine biogeography echinopsyllus copepoda harpacticoida ancorabolidae oceano atlÃntico ancorabolidae taxonomy campos basin biogeografia marinha filogenia animal brazil echinopsyllus meiofauna

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