Diagnósticos de Enfermagem em pacientes no pós-operatório mediato de transplante cardíaco e validação do diagnóstico considerado mais característico: angustia espiritual

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The first heart transplant in humans, pioneered by Barnard in 1967, represented the beginning of important advances in the treatment of patients afflicted with terminal heart disease. This procedure went on to be considered a curative option for diseases previously considered beyond therapeutic possibility. Nurses have sought opportunities to develop their skills and technical-scientific competence to meet the demands of this specialty and apply them with their patients. In both care and teaching practice with patients of the Transplant Program of the institutional field of study, mainly in the post-operative phase, we came across a difficulty that had not been remedied until 2003 in the specific literature, which was the absence of a nursing diagnostic profile and valid diagnosis for patients who had undergone a heart transplant in all phases of this procedure. Faced with this gap to be explored, this study aims to analyze the nursing diagnostic profile of post-operative heart transplant patients, according to Taxonomy II of the NANDA and validate the most characteristic diagnosis of this clientele. The study was developed in two steps: the first refers to a descriptive, exploratory, and retrospective study, developed through the evaluation of the nursing records contained in 49 files of patients who underwent heart transplants from 2003 to 2006 and who were in post-operative care (from 24 hours to 10 days) to trace the profile of these patients and their nursing diagnoses. The second step was conducted with 54 nursing specialists in Intensive Therapy to valid the diagnosis considered as the most characteristic of this clientele, using Fehring. A demographic and epidemiological profile was identified, consisting predominantly of male adults, married, with incomplete elementary education, retired, Catholic, and from Belo Horizonte and other locations in Minas Gerais. The prevailing disease was chagasic cardiomyopathy. Sixty (60) nursing diagnoses were prepared and afterwards classified in 10 domains and 25 classes, according to Taxonomy II of the NANDA. The nursing diagnosis of spiritual distress was the most typical, according to nursing specialists, and its respective defining characteristics have been verified. Through validation, most of the defining characteristics obtained high scores (58.1%) and were classified as Very Pertinent (32.5%), Extremely Pertinent (25.6%), and Reasonably Pertinent (41.9%). There was no characteristic in the Somewhat Pertinent and Not Pertinent categories. The results of this study can assist in the planning of nursing interventions to be designed for this specific population.

ASSUNTO(S)

registros médicos decs humanos decs diagnóstico de enfermagem/classificação decs enfermagem teses enfermagem decs estudos de validação como assunto decs masculino decs período pós-operatório decs cardiomiopatia chagásica decs adulto decs transplante de coração/enfermagem decs dissertações acadêmicas como assunto decs fatores socioeconômicos decs feminino decs

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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