Development of a new process to produce of fatty acids ethyl esters (biodiesel) from castor oil / DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM NOVO PROCESSO PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL ETÍLICO DE MAMONA

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The present work seeks study the production of fatty acids ethyl esters from Ricinus communis L. by alkaline transesterification of castor oil with ethanol. This methodology will be used to determine the optimum conditions for biodiesel production from castor oil using the minimal number of unit operations with the consequent benefit from economical point of view and effluent production. To prepare ethyl esters by transesterification (step 1) 1% NaOH was used as the catalyst with ethanol at a 6:1 molar ratio followed of the addition of neat sulfuric acid. After, esterification reaction (step 2) of the free fatty acids contained in the biodiesel raw mixture was used to reduce their acid value to less than 2 mg KOH/g. The in situ soaps broken (obtained from triglyceride saponification side reaction) was successful in relation to the FAEEs/glycerin separation. The two-step process gave good esters conversion, decreasing the acid value, and the fatty acid ethyl esters met the total and free glycerin specifications. The biodiesel from castor oil were composed of 90.6 wt.% ricinoleic acid (C18:1, OH), 3.2 wt.% oleic acid (C18:1), 4.5 wt.% linoleic acid (C18:2), 0.7 wt.% stearic acid (C18:0), 1.0 wt.% palmitic acid (C16:0), triacylglycerols (TGs, 0 wt.%), diacylglycerols (DGs, 0.37 wt.%) monoacylglycerols (MGs, 0.46 wt.%) and free glycerol (0.25 wt.%) after the two-step transesterification/esterification process. The two-step process is very important in determining the completeness of the reaction on the product yield. The results showed that the recipes developed for laboratory-scale FAEEs production could be scale-up to pilot plant.

ASSUNTO(S)

mamona etanol quimica biodisel

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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