Dental anomalies as phenotypic extension of oral clefts: molecular studies of candidate genes and chromosomal regions / Anomalias dentárias como extensão fenotípica das fissuras orais: estudos moleculares de genes e regiões candidatas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common craniofacial anomaly in humans, and may occur as part of a syndrome or isolated, when the affected individuals do not present any associated structural anomalies. The etiology of CL/P is complex, with both genetic and environmental factors involved. Several genes/loci have been suggested in the past years although discrepancies among results are often found. Some investigators consider CL/P as part of a broader phenotype, and suggest that additional clinical characteristics, such as the presence of dental anomalies, could be used for a better description of the individual phenotype in genetic studies. Five hundred individuals with CL/P and five hundred non-related individuals without CL/P were examined regarding type of cleft and dental anomalies and saliva samples were collected from each individual for molecular analysis. The frequencies of the dental anomalies were significantly higher in CL/P individuals than controls, and the preferential associations observed for certain anomalies in specific cleft subphenotypes were considered new subphenotypes and included in the molecular analyses. A total of 30 polymorphisms distributed in MMP1, MMP3, MMP9, TGFA, and IRF6 genes and in chromosome region 6q were assayed regarding association with CL/P and its subphenotypes through restriction-fragment length polymorphism, kinetic PCR and Taqman methods. Differences in allele and genotype frequencies observed in cases and controls for each polymorphism were assessed using Chi-square test and Bonferroni correction. The pattern of linkage disequilibrium among the markers was also evaluated. Associations between CL/P and markers in MMP3, TGFA, and IRF6 genes were observed. Additionally, three genes (PRSS35, SNAP91 and CYB5R4) and two polimorphisms in chromosome 6q region also demonstrated association to CL/P and its phenotypes in the population studied.

ASSUNTO(S)

cleft lip genetic polymorphisms subphenotype dental anomalies cleft palate polimorfismos genéticos fissura palatina fissura labial subfenótipo anomalias dentárias

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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