Densidade energética: relação com variáveis demográficas, de estilo de vida, nutricionais e socioeconômicas em amostra representativa da população adulta do município de São Paulo / Energy density: association with demographic, lifestyle, nutritional and socioeconomic variables in a representative sample of adult population in the city of São Paulo.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Introduction: Energy density (ED), defined as the amount of energy per unit weight, is a major factor related to food intake and total dietary energy. It is a dietary component that may be involved with diet quality and weight control. Objective: To assess the association between dietary ED and demographic, lifestyle, nutritional and socioeconomic variables in a representative sample of adult population in the city of São Paulo. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted based on secondary data from the Public Policies project, "Health Survey in the City of São Paulo - ISA-Capital". The study sample comprised both male and female adults (N=710). Food intake was measured using a 24-hour food recall. The reported intake was converted into energy and nutrients by the Nutrition Data System (NDS) program. Dietary ED was estimated through three different approaches: 1- inclusion of all foods and beverages; 2- inclusion of all energetic foods and beverages with a calorie content of at least 5 kcal/100 g; 3- inclusion of all foods and exclusion of all beverages. A multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to assess the associations between dietary ED and the study variables. Results: In the sample studied, 56.7% were women, 61.1% were White and 60.1% were either married or living with a partner. Mean age was 36.2 years, ranging between 20 and 59 years. Mean ED1, ED2 and ED3 were 1.32 kcal/g (SE=0.01), 1.35 kcal/g (SE=0.01) and 1.95 kcal/g (SE=0.02), respectively. In the multiple regression analysis, schooling and "active" working status were inversely associated, after adjusting for ethnicity, with ED1 and ED2. For ED3, there was found a direct association with "other" ethnicity and an inverse association with "former smoking". Conclusions: Mean energy densities found in the study were higher than those reported in few other population-based studies available. The results obtained through the different approaches for ED estimation indicate that the contribution of liquids should not be underestimated.

ASSUNTO(S)

food intake densidade energética energy density nutrition nutrição consumo alimentar

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