Comunidade fitoplanctônica no monitoramento de rios do estado de São Paulo / Phytoplankton community in monitoring rivers of São Paulo state

AUTOR(ES)

Arnaldo Tiago Ribeiro Amorim de Oliveira

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

30/10/2012

RESUMO

There are few studies conducted on phytoplankton inhabiting the rivers. In São Paulo State many of the abstraction of water for public supply are located in lowland rivers and streams of low gradient and have a lot of dam built in their courses, and the presence of lateral lakes and small dams to capture water, contributing to the development of planktonic organisms. Considering the need to better understand the structure and dynamics of planktonic algae and cyanobacteria in rivers, and to improve its use as a tool for monitoring, the main objective of this project was to reassess and discuss improvements in the application of the index of the phytoplankton community (ICF), used by CETESB, in these environments. Were evaluated eight sampling sites in rivers located at the abstraction of water for public supply of six major cities in the State during 2009. Samples were collected bimonthly and were assessed for both abiotic (rainfall, flow, temperature, pH, DO, turbidity, conductivity, organic load and nutrients) and biological (Fecal Coliforms, Chlorophyll a and Phytoplankton Community) variables. Changes in ICF were tested for use in rivers and results were compared to other water quality indices used by CETESB such as IET, IVA e ICF. The phytoplankton community in the studied rivers showed a high species richness, but with a high proportion of rare species. The density was low for most of the river. The highest densities were related to the increase in organic load and the nitrogen forms with significant increases in periods of low precipitation. The Baccilariophyta group, particularly the class Coscinodiscophyceae, was associated with better water quality, while Chlorophyceae Chlorococcales order was correlated with the increase in organic load. The class Cyanobacteria predominated in the rivers with the highest values of phosphorus and fecal coliforms. The class Cryptophyceae had its increase of relative importance mainly in the dry season with the decrease of other groups. The hydraulic and hydrological differences between the rivers were important factors in community composition, but the density was influenced by seasonality, being considerably higher in the dry season in most places. The variation proposed in the importance of different components such as density, abundance and taxonomic groups in ICFrivers showed a significant correlation with other water quality indices, indicating that it can be a good tool in the classification and monitoring of rivers water quality

ASSUNTO(S)

biological indicators cianobactérias cyanobacteria environmental monitoring fitoplâncton indicadores biológicos Índices de qualidade monitoramento ambiental phytoplankton qualidade da Água quality index rios rivers water quality

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