Competitive biosorption of nickel and copper ions on alginae and algae Sargassum filipendula / Bioadsorção competitiva dos ions niquel e cobre em alginato e alga marinha Sargassum filipendula

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Environmental biotechnology studies have been conducted using alternative materials in order to eliminate heavy metal ions from industrial effluents. Brown algae are an attractive materials, due to their large availability and their reduced participation in the vital functions of marine ecosystems. The main structural polysaccharide of the brown algae is alginate, constituted of two uronic acids, mannuronic (M) e guluronic (G), and these groups are directly related to its bioadsorption capacity. The adsorption of different heavy metal ions in single systems has been investigated. However, in real systems it is more common to observe several ions in solution, which may interfere and compete for adsorption sites. The aim of this work was to study the bioadsorption of Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions on Sargassum filipendula seaweed and on commercial alginate (single and binary systems), in order to evaluate the competition of different metallic ions for the adsorption sites of bioadsorbents. Two types of alginates with different M / G ratio were evaluated in single component systems. Alginate with the lower M / G ratios showed a higher biosorption capacity of both metal ions. Next, a study with the seaweed Sargassum filipendula as biosorbent was performed. Initially, the alginic acid was extracted and its M / G ratio was characterized. The functional groups present in the algae that could be involved in the process of biosorption were identified. These results indicated that the alcohols and carboxylic groups present in alginate, sulphate groups present in fucoidan, and amino groups in amino acids, are responsible for binding these ions. To obtain equilibrium data, experiments were carried out to remove ions Cu2+ and Ni2+ individuales or in mixture by Sargassum filipendula seaweed in fixed bed column. Different equilibrium models were used to adjust the experimental data and the model developed by Silva (2001) was employed to simulate the dynamic of biosorption. The biosorption of pure ions in solution showed adequate capacity for Cu2+ and Ni2+. For the binary condition, the phenomenon of sequential exchange was observed, where the Cu2+ ion displaces the previously bioadsorbed Ni2+ ion. The mathematical model of Silva (2001) was able to describe satisfactorily the experimental data obtained for single and binary conditions. With regard to biosorption performance for sorption/desorption cycles, metal uptake remained practically unaltered as well as the competition effect between the ions during three successive cycles

ASSUNTO(S)

alginatos mathematical methods metais pesados heavy metals adsorção alginates modelos matematicos adsorption

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