Characterization of microencapsulated cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil extracted using supercritical fluids on a semi-industrial scale

AUTOR(ES)

Ramírez, María Eugenia Villada, Cardona, Leonidas de Jesús Millán, Jaramillo, Carlos Alberto Peláez, Quiceno, Catalina Arroyave, Hurtado, María Isabel González, Garzón, Maritza Andrea Gil

FONTE

Braz. J. Food Technol.

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

20/07/2017

RESUMO

Abstract The objective of this study was to find the optimal conditions to obtain cardamom oil extracted by SCF on a semi-industrial scale, with yields equal or superior to those obtained using the conventional methods, but with sensory quality and a technique competitive for international markets. In addition microcapsules were produced allowing for an increase in oil solubility, without affecting sensory features such as aroma and flavour. The cardamom seeds were obtained in the city of Tarso-Antioquia (Colombia), and were conditioned to be extracted by SCF on a laboratory scale at 200 and 400 Bar and 50 to 60 °C with three replicates at the centre point at 300 Bar and 55 °C, according to a central compound design. The results were optimized by response surface methodology according to efficiency (%) and the contents of 1,8-cineole and α-terpenyl acetate. The final conditions (50 °C, 400 Bar) were scaled up for a semi-industrial extractor, obtaining an oil with a yield of 8.54 ± 1.09% and concentrations of 1,8-cineole of (28.37 ± 1.80% w / w) and α-terpenyl acetate of (32.93 ± 1.24% w/w), as analysed by GC-FID. A complementary characterization of the oil was mainly focused on the sensory profile and physicochemical tests, obtaining a balance in the scores for the attributes (herbal 3.0, mint 2.6, floral 2.4 and citric 2.3) and for the colour index (+2 to +20). The oil was microencapsulated by spray drying with a mixture of gum Arabic, maltodextrin and modified starch (4/6, 1/6, 1/6), respectively. Microcapsules were obtained with a particle size between 12.2 and 25.78 µm, allowing for distribution in an aqueous solution at 13.18 µm, with an increase in the solubility of the oil in the polar matrix at room temperature.

ASSUNTO(S)

elettaria cardamomum supercritical fluid microencapsulation spray drying 1,8-cineole α-terpenyl acetate

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