Caracterização molecular de pacientes com suspeita de doença de Von Willebrand tipo 2N e diagnostico diferencial entre casos de hemofilia A / Molecular assessment of suspect patients of type 2N Von Willebrand disease and differential diagnostic between hemophilia A cases

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most frequently hemorrhagic disease. Among the different types of VWD, the type 2N VWD is characterized by a markedly decreased affinity of von Willebrand factor (VWF) to factor VIII (FVIII). As consequence, the clearance of FVIII is accelerated and these patients while maintaining the concentration of VWF and its ability to normal platelet aggregation have reduced plasma FVIII. Frequently these cases are misdiagnosed as carriers of hemophilia A (HA). In a recent Brazilian study, it was observed that about 10% of cases of mild hemophilia A with no family history, it was actually type 2N VWD (SIMON &ROISENBERG, 2004). The molecular investigation is the best method to confirm the diagnosis of type 2N VWD once the confirmatory test, VWF:FVIII binding assay (VWF:FVIIIB) it is not reproducible. This study aims investigate the molecular diagnosis of cases previously diagnosed or with suspect of type 2N VWD, based on clinical and family history, and laboratorial data. Furthermore, patients diagnosed with mild or moderate hemophilia A, were investigated for the presence of the four most frequent mutations related to type 2N VWD. The study evaluated eight unrelated cases with suspect or diagnosis of type 2N VWD followed at Hemocentro UNICAMP (Campinas, SP) and Hemocentro do Espírito Santo (Vitória, ES). The eight cases were investigated for mutations in the region that corresponds to the location of the binding site of FVIII to VWF, located between exons 18 to 27 of the VWF gene. Only one case was conclusive, with the presence of the R816W mutation in the VWF gene. This mutation corresponds to 11% of type 2N VWD. The other seven cases were repeatedly investigated for mutations in this region, including the sequencing of genomic DNA and the coding region of exon 18 to 27 of the VWF gene and were not conclusive. These same cases were investigated by sequencing of the FVIII gene to assess the presence of mutations associated with hemophilia A. In one female case, it was possible to determine the presence in homozigose of a mutation G265 +1 G>T, a donor splicing region in the intron 3 of the FVIII gene. This mutation was not previously described. In addition, we evaluated 67 unrelated patients with diagnosis of mild or moderate hemophilia A for the four most frequent mutations related to type 2N VWD. None of these cases showed the presence of these mutations, even in heterozygosis. In conclusion, the evaluation of eight unrelated cases for type 2N VWD showed that just one case this diagnosis was confirmed. Different to what was observed in another Brazilian population studied, among mild and moderate hemophilia A followed at the Hemocentro UNICAMP, the four mutations in the binding site of FVIII to VWF were absent in all the cases. The confirmatory diagnosis between type 2N VWD and hemophilia A is extremely important for the correct treatment and the appropriate genetic counselling. The molecular investigation remains the best way to differentiate these cases

ASSUNTO(S)

fator viii von willebrand hemofilia factor fator de hemophilia a von willebrand factor viii

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