Calibração de modelos de redes de distribuição de água para abastecimento considerando vazamentos e demandas dirigidas pela pressão / Water distribution network calibration model considering leakage and head-driven demands
AUTOR(ES)
Alexandre Kepler Soares
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2003
RESUMO
Brazils water distribution systems usually present a high percentage of so-called physical losses, of which a significant portion is caused by leakage. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance, not only from the financial standpoint in terms of the pumped and chemically treated water but also particularly from that of the preservation of this natural resource, to effectively control leakage and the systems behavior under several operational conditions. In order to gain a better understanding of the real behavior of a water distribution network, several calibration techniques, including models to evaluate leakage, have been proposed. Those models normally consider the correlation between pressure and leakage, as well as the interdependence of pressure and demand in response to the varying levels of pressure in a water distribution system. The present study seeks to extend these models through the development of a computational routine based on leakage and on pressure-dependent demand, in conjunction with the hydraulic simulator EPANET (ROSSMAN, 2000), using the data from a hypothetical network to calibrate the absolute roughness and diameter of pipes, demands and elevations of nodes and the parameters of the leakage model, as well as the location of hydraulic components in the network. To this end, inverse models are used based on the technology of Genetic Algorithms (GA) and the hybrid procedure (GA and Simplex Method - NELDER &MEAD, 1965)
ASSUNTO(S)
head-driven demands calibração redes de distribuição de água calibration demandas dirigidas pela pressão water distribution network vazamentos leakage
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