ATIVIDADE ANTI-INFLAMATÓRIA DE POLISSACARÍDEOS ISOLADOS DAS PLANTAS Caesalpinia ferrea E Azadirachta indica / ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ISOLATED PLANT Polysaccharides Caesalpinia ferrea AND Azadirachta indica

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

25/03/2011

RESUMO

Polysaccharides of higher plants form complex structures and multiple intermolecular interactions. They are noted for their immune system activities, being classified as exogenous modifiers of biological responses. However, the spectrum of activities is very large including the antiviral, antitumor, immunostimulant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and anticomplement properties. In folk medicine extracts of Caesalpinia ferrea Mart and Azadirachta indica A. Juss are widely used. Seeds and barks of C. ferrea are used for bruises, rheumatism and healing. Barks of A. indica are used to treat rheumatism, whereas its leaves for chronic ulcers and skin infections. Extracts of A. indica were shown to present antiinflammatory and anti-tumor actions and those obtained from leaves, anti-ulcerogenic effect. Extracts of C. ferrea present anti-ulcerogenic actions and those of pods and barks antiinflammatory and analgesic properties. This study evaluated the activity of total polysaccharides (TPL) and fractions isolated from pods of C. ferrea and seed teguments of A. indica to inhibit vascular and cellular events of acute inflammation and its mechanisms, besides possible signs of animals toxicity after treatment. The acidic polysaccharide fractions were isolated from the TPL by ion exchange chromatography. Male Wistar rats (150-250g) were used in the in vivo models of inflammation. For the anti-inflammatory activity, paw edema was induced (s.c.) by dextran (300 μg), carrageenan (300 μg), zymosan (1 mg), histamine (100 μg), serotonin (20 μg), compound 48/80 (10 μg), bradykinin (30 μg), PGE2 (30 μg) or L-arginine (15 μg) and measured by plethysmometry; the increase in vascular permeability was induced by dextran (300 μg); peritonitis was induced (i.p.) by carrageenan (500 μg) or fMLP (50 ng) and analyzed 4 h later for total and differential cell count and protein dosage. Animals were treated with PLT, FI A. indica or FIII C. ferrea (0.01, 0.1, 1 mg/kg; i.v.). Toxicity was evaluated after treatment with FI A. indica (0.1 mg/kg) and FIII C. ferrea (1 mg/kg, i.v.) for 7 days by biochemical (markers of liver and kidney function) and hematological (leukogram and haemogram) parameters and also by the analysis of body weight and organ weights (heart, kidney, stomach, spleen). Extracts and polysaccharide fractions of C. ferrea and A. indica showed high levels of carbohydrate and uronic acid and low protein contaminats. Polysaccharide fractions of C. ferrea and A. indica inhibited both the early and late phases of the edema induced by carrageenan. The fractions under study appear to interfere with various mediators such as histamine, serotonin, bradykinin, PGE2 and NO. Moreover, these fractions appear to take important role in mast cell degranulation. The polysaccharide fractions of C. ferrea and A. indica also present anti-inflammatory effect, inhibiting cell migration, acting directly or indirectly in neutrophils. Treatment with the polysaccharide fractions of C. ferrea and A. indica was well tolerated by the animals, showing only numerical changes unrepresentative of hematological and biochemical patterns compared to saline control. Thus, polysaccharides isolated from C. ferrea and A. indica are ideal candidates to understand the inflammatory process and/or for construction of alternative antiinflammatory medications.

ASSUNTO(S)

caesalpinia ferrea caesalpinia ferrea azadirachta indica polissacarídeos inflamação ciencias biologicas azadirachta indica polysaccharides inflammation

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