Antiulcenogenic activity of native plants of the São Paulo State savannah pertaining to the genre Indigofera / Atividade antiulcerogenica de plantas nativas do cerrado do estado de São Paulo - pertencentes ao genero Indigofera

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The genus Indigofera, which includes 700 herbaceous and bush species, is one of the six largest Leguminosae genres. In São Paulo State, Brazil, nine species of this genre were already described. Indigofera truxillensis Kunt and Indigofera suffruticosa Mill, commonly known as ?índigo?, are found predominately at São Paulo State?s savannah. There are just a few studies on I. truxillensis pharmacology and phytochemistry, whereas I. suffruticosa presents anti-inflammatory, analgesic and digestive proprieties, cited by many Indian communities at Central America. The objective of this work is to evaluate the antiulcerogenic activity of I. suffruticosa and I. truxillensis fractions, which are rich in flavonoids, and also to investigate the possible action mechanisms involved in this activity. The aqueous (fAq) and ethyl acetate (fAc) fractions were obtained from methanol extract (EMeOH) from both species. The EMeOH was used in the acute toxicity study in mice. The I. truxillensis fAq and fAc were used at doses 50, 100 and 200 ?mg.kg POT ?1?, and the I. suffruticosa fAq and fAc were used at doses 25, 50 and 100 ?mg.kg POT ?1?. Both of them were administrated p.o., in male Wistar rats. In order to test the fractions, the experimental models used were the following: a) Gastric ulcer induced by ethanol; b) Antisecretory activity study through pylorus ligature; c) Evaluation of the protective mechanisms of gastric mucosal such as mucus production, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide evolvement, and sulphydryl compounds (SH) in gastroprotection; d) Evaluation of antioxidant activity using gastric ulcer induced by ischemic and reperfusion, and some of the most important enzymes involved in the process, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), gluthatione peroxidase (GPx) and gluthatione redutase (GR); e) Evaluate the gastric ulcer healing activity using the model of gastric ulcer induced by acid acetic, with subsequent histological analysis to mucus production and immunohistochemistry assay to Heat Shock Protein (HSP 70) and Cell Proliferation (PCNA). The crude extracts of both species demonstrated the absence of in vivo toxicity. The I. truxillensis fAq and fAc and the I. suffruticosa fAc reduced significantly the gastric lesions. The I. suffruticosa fAq did not present any antiulcerogenic activity. The gastric juice pH did not modify, which indicates no antisecretory activity for the fractions. I. truxillensis (fAq) protected the gastric mucosa through the increase of mucus; involvement of nitric oxide and SH; increase in the enzymes SOD and GR activity; expression of HSP 70 and PCNA in healing process. I. truxillensis (fAc) protected the gastric mucosa through the increase of mucus; involvement of SH; increase in the enzymes SOD, GPx and GR activity; significant reduction on subchronic ulcer lesion area. I. suffruticosa (fAc) protected the gastric mucosa through the increase of mucus; involvement of SH; increase in the enzyme GR activity; significant reduction on subchronic ulcer lesion area; expression of HSP 70 and PCNA in healing process. A preliminary phytochemistry selection and chromatographic analyses indicate the presence of flavonoids as majority compounds in I. truxillensis, and flavonoids and alkaloids in I. suffruticosa. From the analysis of the results it can be concluded that the gastroprotective activity of the studied species can be attributed to the presence of flavonoids, well known to present antiulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities

ASSUNTO(S)

citoprotection citoproteção indigofera gastroprotection medicinal plant plantas medicinais gastroproteção

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