Analyze of molecular differentiation among Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzi Brazilian populations using a multilocus approach (Diptera: Culicidae) / Análise da diferenciação molecular entre populações brasileiras de Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii utilizando uma abordagem multilocus (Diptera: Culicidae)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii (Diptera: Culicidae) has long been known as the primary vector of human and simian malaria parasites in southern and southeastern Brazil. The distribution of this mosquito follows the coast of the Brazilian Atlantic forest. Previous studies have suggested that An. cruzii is a complex of cryptic species. In the current study, a fragment of the timeless gene, a locus involved in the control of circadian rhythms, was used as a molecular marker to assess the genetic differentiation between six An. cruzii populations (Florianópolis, Cananéia, Juquitiba, Itatiaia, Santa Teresa and Itaparica). The results indicate that An. cruzii from Itaparica constitutes a highly differentiated group compared with the other five populations from south and south-east Brazil, and significant genetic differences were also observed among some of the other populations. In addition, a multilocus analysis revealed very high FST values and fixed differences between Florianópolis and Itaparica in all six loci, irrespective of their function. This analysis also indicates that these two populations have not exchange migrants since their separation around 2.4 million of years ago. A fragment of the cpr gene, a locus involved in metabolic insecticide resistance and odorant clearance in insects, was also used to analyze the divergence between the five An. cruzii populations from south and south-east Brazil listed above. The cpr gene revealed very high FST values and fixed differences between Itatiaia and the other four populations studied (Florianópolis, Cananéia, Juquitiba and Santa Teresa). The data also provided preliminary evidence for the occurrence of two sympatric siblings in Itatiaia. Overall, our results confirmed that this malaria vector is indeed a complex of cryptic species. XIV

ASSUNTO(S)

anopheles/genetics malária entomologia e malacologia de parasitos e vetores malaria genes anopheles/genetica genes

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