Adesão ao tratamento: estudo entre portadores de hipertensão arterial em seguimento ambulatorial / Adherence to treatment: a study with hypertension carriers outpatients

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

It is a cross-section descriptive study of quantitative approach, carried out with 75 hypertensive outpatients of tertiary level, in upstate São Paulo, carried out from September 2008 to April 2009, aiming to evaluate adherence to the treatment. Three questionnaires were used to collect the data: one about socio-demographic data regarding the disease and the treatment; the Morisky-Green Test, to assess the adherence to the drug-based treatment and the Questionnaire to Evaluate Attitudes Towards Taking Medicines. The statistical tests were applied by means of the software Statistica 8.0, and the results were considered significant whenever the significance level was (p<0.05). The subjects average age was 61.5 ±10.36 years, 52.0% were women, 85.3% Caucasians, 70.7% married, 48.0% retired and 24.0% housewives, 65.3% did not finish primary education, they had on average 3.08 ±1.99 children, 94.7% lived with other family members, 81.3% stated that their familly income was between one and three minimum wages; 48.0% had blood pressure readings above 140X90 mmHg, 48.0% were overweight, 80.6% of the men and 94.9% of the women had unhealthily large waist circumferences. Average hypertension diagnosis time (HT) was 15.57 ±9.61 years. The most important comorbities identifed were: diabetes mellitus (54.3%) e dyslipidemia (46.6%). The average of the medications used was 5.1 pills/day, and the most commonly used drugs were hypoglycemiants (58.7%) and platelet antiaggregant (54.8%). The average of the medications used for the treatment of HT was 3 pills/day, and the diuretics were the most used ones (84.0%). When evaluated with the Morisky-Green test, 21 (28.0%) showed adherence to the treatment, by means of the Questionnaire to Evaluate Attitudes Towards Taking Medicines, 37 (49.3%) showed positive attitudes towards the taking the medicines. Those that showed adherence through the Morisky-Green test also showed positive attitudes when evaluated by means of the Questionnaire to Evaluate Attitudes Towards Taking Medicines. The prevalence of control of the blood pressure was higher for those who had adherence (66.7%) and for those with positive attitudes (64.9%). Gender and attitude towards taking medicines had statistical significance to the control of blood pressure. Blood pressure readings were lower in hypertensives that had adherence according to the Morisky- Green test and that had positive attitudes toward taking the medicines (p<0.05). Regarding the risk factors for HT, 64.0% did not practice physical exercise; 9.3% were smokers; 17.3% drank alcoholic drinks and 54.7% reported being stressed; 96% cited family antecedents of cardiovascular disease. In face of this context, there remains the challenge of reviewing the current educative measures to enable alternatives that may improve, in practice, the adherence of hypertensives to the drug-based treatment, the control of blood pressure and the change in the risk factors for HT.

ASSUNTO(S)

medication adherence adesão à medicação hypertension blood pressure pressão arterial hipertensão

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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