A união do ensino com o trabalho produtivo: a educação em Marx e Engels. / The union of teaching with productive work: education in Marx and Engels.
AUTOR(ES)
Douglas Ferreira de Paula
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2007
RESUMO
The dissertation consists in a theoretical study that investigates the interrelationship between fundamental concepts of Marxist theory connected to the political-educational thesis of the union of teaching with productive work. On the basis of an examination of the writings of Karl Marx (and, by extension, of Friedrich Engels), the study aims to demonstrate meaning of the thesis in question can only be understood by considering the criticism of teaching and work in capitalism, as well as the prominence with which the contradictions of the capitalist mode of production figures in those works. Taking as starting point studies about Marxs and Engelseducational conceptions, the dissertation emphasizes the political aspect of the thesis, by giving especial attention, in the analysis, to concepts like that of productive forces, and to the contradictions between labour and capital. It is argued, initially, that the thesis, as it appears in the work of Marx and Engels, arises in opposition to the reality of education and work as observed by 19th century authors. The concept of intellectual forces of production is then examined by considering the issue of science incorporated in the productive forces in capitalism, and the way in which such objectified science is still alien to the workers, in spite of the close relationship that the workers maintain with it. From that perspective, the thesis is seen as pointing to the need to overcome the technical division of labor imposed by the capitalist mode of production, and the social division of labour itself, as a result of the division of society into classes. The analysis brings to light the obstacles that capital creates for the transformation schooling, thus demonstrating that, in its development, unable for social relations to incorporate effectively the intellectual forces of production, the school becomes "old", i.e., unable to reflect the level of development of science, and to overcome the division between the theoretical and practical activities. It is characterized, on the contrary, mainly by expressing the need for diversification of capitalist production through flexible labour for the different branches of production, as well as by becoming prone to incorporate the ideology of the ruling class, instead of the general objectives of the working class. The dissertation ends by pointing to the political nature of that pedagogical thesis, highlighting its role in the short and long term objectives of the struggle for the transformation of education and society.
ASSUNTO(S)
marxism educação e capitalismo educação education and capitalism work and education marxismo trabalho e ensino education
