A microcirculação da bolsa da bochecha do hamster sob a influência do diabetes mellitus experimental induzido por estreptozotocina: aspectos morfofuncionais / Microcirculation of hamster cheek pouch under the influence of exerimental diabetes mellitus induced by streptozocin morpho-functional aspects

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with multiple etiologic factors (genetic, viral and immunological) that results in absolute or relative insulin deficiency, causing persistent elevated blood glucose levels. Nowadays, Diabetes Mellitus is considered as an important health concern due to its increasing prevalence and high morbimortality. Its clinical importance comes from the complications, especially microvascular. Chronic or transitory hyperglycemia has been identified as endothelial harm inductor factor, being this the first outcome of microvascular complications. Endothelial cells, under local hemodynamic strength, produce signal transduction (mechanotransduction), which can be responsible for the beginning of pathological events in vessels wall. In this regard, the objective of this study was to analyze hamster cheek pouch microcirculation under the influence of type 1 diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin, evaluating its morpho-functional aspects at 6 and 15 days of diseases evolution. Morphological characteristics of arterioles and venules were estimated by the measurement of lumen diameter and wall thickness; the volume density and area of these vessels from cheek pouch; immunohistochemistry of the expression of actin, talin, smooth muscle alpha-actin, vimentin, laminin and type IV collagen through light microscopy with the utilization of a semi-quantitative score system based on the intensity of the immunostaining; and transmission electron microscopy. It was also evaluated the endothelium dependent relaxation, measured by the variation of lumen diameter before and after acetylcholine administration and post-capillary venules permeability to histamine, determined by number of points of plasma extravasation. Our results reveal that arterioles and venules do not show differences between the groups concerning wall thickness, luminal diameter, density per area and volume density. Vascular permeability, after 2 minutes of histamine administration, was reduced significantly in diabetic groups. However, this finding was not observed after 5 minutes of administration, the same occurring with vascular reactivity. The expression of actin, talin, laminin and vimentin was higher in arterioles of diabetic group with 6 days of evolution, being this alteration persistent in diabetic group at 15 days of evolution for laminin and vimentin. In electron microscopy, colloidal gold particles conjugated with talin and laminin were distributed at cytoplasm and basal surface of endothelial cells. In basement membrane, the laminin was forming clusters. These evidences suggest that at 6 days of diabetes course the proteins related to extracellular matrix adhesion were altered possibly due to changes in local hemodynamic forces caused by the new physiologic condition induced by hyperglycemia.

ASSUNTO(S)

matriz extracelular microcirculation cytoskeleton citoesqueleto diabetes morfologia extracellular matrix microcirculação imunohistoquímica diabetes mellitus experimental diabetes immunohistochemistry estreptozotocina experimental diabetes mellitus streptozotocin

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