Theoretical-experimental study on two-dimentional confined jets. / Estudo teórico-experimental de jatos bi-dimensionais confinados.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The main objective of this thesis is to study the mean flow inertial and pressure effects on the mean flow itself in two-dimensional confined jets. The flows considered in the present work are turbulent, isothermal, incompressible and single-fluid. The introduction and the bibliographical review are done by the following presentations: technological and fundamental motivations for the choice of the thesis subject; the scene where the adopted approach is included; dimensionless parameters usually adopted in the literature for two-dimensional confined jets characterization (classic parameters); and experimental data found in literature as semi-empirical correlation, and as mean flow properties profiles. This thesis develops an integral and dimensionless approach for confined jets. The hypotheses adopted in such approach are the thin shear layer approximation, and the non-dissipative flow assumption. The approach is based on mass and momentum integral balances. The terms are classified as inertial or as pressure; and as flux, as force, or as source. Such classification allows the analysis of the effects considered by the dimensionless classic parameters. The classic parameters do not satisfy the following conditions simultaneously: to be based on a closed control surface; and to separate the inertial and pressure effects in distinct parameters. Due to this, two new dimensionless parameters are developed. The new dimensionless parameters are used in dimensionless variables definition whose purpose is to obtain a proper scaling rule. The developed scaling rule is validated applying it to three data banks from literature. This application shows the inertial and pressure effects on the flow. The quality of the literature and the own data bank is evaluated by this scaling rule application. The wind tunnel built for axi-symmetric confined jets studies is presented by: project requirements; project criteria; and components description. This tunnel has a test section with 300mm in diameter and 1500mm in length; contraction area rate of 4 : 1; and air guns with 10mm, 40mm, 75mm and 150mm in diameters. The procedures adopted in the axi-symmetric wind tunnel flow characterization include: the scheme to determine the Reynolds stress tensor and the mean velocity vector from mean velocity and normal Reynolds stress measurements in six distinct directions; this scheme validation; and the positioning and directioning probe corrections. The instrument used was a laser Doppler velocimeter. The main contributions of the present thesis are the following: redevelopment of the confined jets classic dimensionless parameters through an unified methodology and nomenclature; the proposition of two new confined jets dimensionless parameters, one for inertial effects and other for pressure effects. improvement of experimental data bank regarding confined jets; construction of an axi-symmetric wind tunnel for confined jet studies; and the discovery of the similarity existence in confined jets with high pressure gradient.

ASSUNTO(S)

integral and dimensionless analysis escoamento monofásico confined jet flows wind tunnel ldv turbulência (medição) velocidade do fluxo dos fluidos mecânica dos fluidos

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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