Frutos do Cerrado como sítios de criação de drosofilídeos (Insecta, Diptera) : Brosimum gaudichaudii (Moraceae), Byrsonima verbascifolia (Malphighiaceae) e Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae)
AUTOR(ES)
Roberta Rocha de Figueiredo
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2007
RESUMO
Drosophilids are microorganism consumers which develop on fleshy fungi, leaves, stems, roots, slime fluxes, flowers and specially fallen fruits (in tropical areas). The flies use these substrata for feeding and laying eggs (breeding sites). Although these investigations in Brazil began in the 50s, the breeding sites of drosophilids in natural environments are still not well-known, once most of the collections were made using artificial baits. The purpose of this research was to investigate the drosophilid guilds associated to fruits of three species of plants usually found in the Cerrado biome. The guilds were compared among the decayment process and also between habitats with different preservation degree. The time of fruit decomposition was controlled and the fruits (supposedly colonized by drosophilid larvae) were taken to laboratory in order to attend the emergence process. From the 4332 flies emerged, 18% were introduced species into the Neotropical region. Among the fruits studied, the pequis (Caryocar brasiliense, Caryocaraceae) presented the greatest proportion of colonization, while the muricis (Byrsonima verbascifolia, Malphighiaceae) were less used as breeding sites. Drosophila mediostriata was the dominant species on mama-cadela (Brosimum gaudichaudii, Moraceae), while D. nebulosa dominated the murici and pequi fruits (both drosophilids species are ecologically versatiles and widespread in the biome). The drosophilids guilds differed from each other along the decayment process of the fruit. Some species emerged just in certain stages, and not all stages were available for breeding. The pequi fruits from the undisturbed area presented higher abundance of flies, and were better colonized than the human disturbed area. However, the endemic species used these fruits in a similar way along the decayment process in both areas.
ASSUNTO(S)
drosophila zaprionus ecologia estado de decomposição drosophila disturb perturbação zaprionus decayment
ACESSO AO ARTIGO
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