Caracterização química, avaliação da atividade antioxidante in vitro e in vivo, e identificação dos compostos fenólicos presentes no Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense, Camb.) / Chemical characterization, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity evaluation, and identification of the phenolic compounds present in the pequi fruit (Caryocar brasiliense, Camb.)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The oxidative stress produced in live organisms is related to the appearance and/or development of a series of non-transmissible chronic diseases. Phenolic compounds present in vegetables are able to neutralize these substances, thus reducing the risk of development of free radicals associated to pathologies. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant activity in the pulp and almond of the pequi fruit and its effects in preventing the oxidative process in rats. Extracts were obtained by means of sequential extraction in which solvents with different polarities (ether, ethanol and water) were used, as well as free phenolic acid fraction (and) soluble esters and insolublebound compounds from the pulp and almond of the pequi. The total antioxidant capacity was estimated through the following methods: β-carotene bleaching, DPPH (1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical), ABTS (2,2azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and Rancimat assays. All extracts and fractions of phenolic acids showed a significant antioxidant activity. Among the extracts, the pulp aqueous extract showed higher activities than the others. Free phenolic acids fraction from the pulp of the pequi was better compared to other fractions in β-carotene bleaching, DPPH and ABTS assays. Phenolic acids composition was identified by HPLC. It was found ellagic, gallic, 4-Hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and procyanidin B2 acid being ellagic acid presents at larger amounts in all extracts and fractions, whereas procyanidin B2 was found only in the aqueous extract of the almond from pequi. For evaluating the antioxidant activity in vivo, aqueous extract (100 and 300 mg/kg b.w.) and free phenolic acids (40 and 100 mg/kg b.w.) obtained from pequi pulp were administered in rats by oral gavage. It was observed a decrease in the levels of lipid peroxidation and an increased activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutade (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), and glutathione reductase (GSSGr) in the brain and liver of animals that received aqueous extract at 300 mg/kg b.w. and free phenolic acids fraction at 100 mg/kg, which demonstrate that pequi fruit has both in vitro and in vivo antioxidative properties.

ASSUNTO(S)

antioxidantes ratos wystar food phenolic compounds compostos fenólicos antioxidants oxidative processes alimentos valor nutritivo pequi pequi wistar rats proteção oxidativa

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados