Numerical and experimental investigation of forming limit diagrams of 6063 aluminum alloy sheets using Ayada ductile fracture criterion and the second derivative of large strain criterion at increased temperatures

Abstract The present study investigated the forming limit diagrams (FLDs) of aluminum alloy 6063 sheets using numerical and experimental methods at increased temperatures. In the numerical section, for the first time, the Ayada ductile fracture criterion and the second derivative of the large strain criterion were used. ABAQUS finite element (FE) analysis software was employed for the simulations. In order to determine necking time, after simulation, relevant data such as stress history, principal stresses, equivalent strain history, and large strain were extracted and the conditions for the n...