Fine and Coarse Aerosol at Rio de Janeiro prior to the Olympic Games: Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment

During the period from June 2012 to June 2013, the concentrations and chemical composition of PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 (particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less and between 2.5 and 10 μm, respectively) were monitored at four sampling points in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, and two of the points were in close proximity to the 2016 Olympic Games facilities with a total of 122 samples at each sampling point. At all four sampling stations, the annual mean value of PM10 was above the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guideline, although frequent violations of the 24 h guid...