Estimating the rock mass deformation modulus: A comparative study of empirical methods based on 48 rock mass scenarios

Abstract The rock mass deformation modulus, Erm, is an input parameter for most numerical modeling to verify the deformation behavior of rocks due to rock engineering activities within/on it. Among the most common methodologies used for estimating this parameter, empirical correlations based on rock mass classification schemes (e.g., RQD, RMR, GSI, and Q) stand out the most, principally because of their low cost when compared to the other methods. Herein, the main correlations used in practice are evaluated and comparted for 48 different rock quality scenarios, previously characterized and cla...