El argumento de sustracción para universales trascendentes

This work presents the subtraction argument for transcendent universals, i.e., for universals that are not instantiated. The argument depends on two main premises: (i) the contingency of the different instantiations of a universal, and (ii) the ontological independence between these instantiations. By the first premise one can postulate metaphysically possible worlds where given instantiations of a universal are subtracted. One can consider, then, a possible world where only one object instantiates a universal. By the principle (ii) of independence, construed in a particular way, one can postu...