DNA Damage by Endogenous and Exogenous Aldehydes

The present overview describes the formation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) adducts from endogenous and exogenous aldehydes, such as acetaldehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde, malonaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and 2,4-decadienal. Malonaldehyde reacts with 2’-deoxyguanosine, 2’-deoxyadenosine, and 2’-deoxycytidine, yielding cyclic pyrimidopurinone and acyclic adducts. The direct addition of ɑ,β-unsaturated aldehydes to DNA bases yields cyclic substituted propano adducts, such as 1,N2-propano-2’-deoxyguanosine. Alternatively, ɑ,β-unsaturated aldehydes can be oxidized to reactive epoxid...