A social license to operate: pre-mining effects and activities perspective

Abstract This research proposes a new approach to recommend a responsible mining guideline on how to secure a social license to operate in Ondo state, Nigeria for oil sands mineral resources taking into account the bituminous natural effects. This is the case of bituminous oil sands in Southern Nigeria, where warm weather can induce the emission of natural bitumen fumes. Because this emission may bring occupational exposure to the local communities, mining is perceived to be an opportunity for both social-economic improvement but also an efficient approach to reduce exposure to bitumen fumes. ...