Placental Circulation
Mostrando 13-24 de 36 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Placental cell fates are regulated in vivo by HIF-mediated hypoxia responses
Placental development is profoundly influenced by oxygen (O2) tension. Human cytotrophoblasts proliferate in vitro under low O2 conditions but differentiate at higher O2 levels, mimicking the developmental transition they undergo as they invade the placental bed to establish the maternal–fetal circulation in vivo. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), consis
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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14. Placental lactogen administration reverses the effect of low-protein diet on maternal and fetal serum somatomedin levels in the pregnant rat.
Female rats were studied on day 20 of pregnancy after being fed either a 5% lactalbumin (low protein) diet or a 20% lactalbumin (adequate) diet for the last 2 weeks of pregnancy. Rats on the lower intake of protein showed decreased serum levels of rat placental lactogen and reduced numbers of lactogenic receptors in the maternal liver. These changes were acc
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15. Human placental transport of cimetidine.
This study addresses the mechanism of transport of the H2-receptor antagonist, cimetidine, by the human placenta. A 4-h recycling perfusion of a single placental cotyledon of normal, term, human placenta was used. At a maternal concentration of 1 microgram/ml, cimetidine clearance from the maternal circulation was 0.58 +/- 0.16 ml/min per g placenta, a rate
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16. Adherence of human immunodeficiency virus-infected lymphocytes to fetal placental cells: a model of maternal --> fetal transmission.
The precise timing and mechanism of in utero human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are unknown, but transplacental transmission is likely. Term placentas from HIV+ pregnancies contain only rare HIV-infected cells whose origins and phenotypes remain controversial, and no correlation has been found between the presence of HIV in term placentas and trans
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17. Characterization of choline transport at maternal and fetal interfaces of the perfused guinea-pig placenta.
Unidirectional influx and efflux of choline into the syncytiotrophoblast were investigated from both maternal and fetal circulations of the perfused guinea-pig placenta by using a single-circulation paired-tracer (extracellular reference and test substrate) dilution technique. Cellular uptake of [3H]choline at 0.05 mM was (mean percentage +/- S.E. of mean, n
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18. Listeriosis in the Pregnant Guinea Pig: a Model of Vertical Transmission
Feto-placental infections represent a major cause of pregnancy complications, and yet the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of vertical transmission are poorly understood. Listeria monocytogenes, a facultative intracellular pathogen, is one of a group of pathogens that are known to cause feto-placental infections in humans and other mammals. The p
American Society for Microbiology.
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19. Mechanisms of alphafetoprotein transfer in the perfused human placental cotyledon from uncomplicated pregnancy.
We investigated the mechanisms of alphafetoprotein (AFP) transfer across the human placenta by correlating measurements of AFP transfer with cytochemical localization of AFP. Placental cotyledons were dually perfused in vitro with either the fetal or maternal perfusate containing umbilical cord plasma as a source of AFP. Steady state AFP clearance, corrected
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20. Trophoblast expression of fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 is not required for the establishment of the maternal–fetal interface in the mouse placenta
Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (Flt1)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 1, a receptor for VEGF-A and placental growth factor, is expressed in the spongiotrophoblast layer that segregates the maternal and fetal vasculature in the mouse placenta. A soluble form of Flt1 (sFlt1) produced in the mouse and human placenta can also be detected in the ma
National Academy of Sciences.
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21. Inactivation of the Nuclear Receptor Coactivator RAP250 in Mice Results in Placental Vascular Dysfunction
Coactivators constitute a diverse group of proteins that are essential for optimal transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors. In the past few years many coactivators have been identified but it is still unclear whether these proteins interact indiscriminately with all nuclear receptors and whether there is some redundancy in their functions. We have prev
American Society for Microbiology.
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22. Long chain fatty acids and dietary fats in fetal nutrition
Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential nutrients for a healthy diet. The different kinds consumed by the mother during gestation and lactation may influence pregnancy, fetal and also neonatal outcome. The amount of fatty acids transferred from mother to fetus depends not only on maternal metabolism but also on placental function, i.e. by the up
Blackwell Science Inc.
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23. The placental problem: Linking abnormal cytotrophoblast differentiation to the maternal symptoms of preeclampsia
The placenta is a remarkable organ. In normal pregnancy its specialized cells (termed cytotrophoblasts) differentiate into various specialized subpopulations that play pivotal roles in governing fetal growth and development. One cytotrophoblast subset acquires tumor-like properties that allow the cells to invade the decidua and myometrium, a process that att
BioMed Central.
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24. Anti-Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Antiangiogenic Activities of Sulfated Dextrins
Delivery of the sulfated polysaccharide dextrin 2-sulfate by the intraperitoneal route to the lymphatic circulation resulted in a clinically significant improvement in Kaposi’s sarcoma in three patients. Our in vitro studies show that although sulfated dextrins do not interfere with the growth of isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells, they do inh
American Society for Microbiology.