Phosphorylated Starch
Mostrando 13-24 de 26 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Light Induces Phosphorylation of Glucan Water Dikinase, Which Precedes Starch Degradation in Turions of the Duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza12
Degradation of storage starch in turions, survival organs of Spirodela polyrhiza, is induced by light. Starch granules isolated from irradiated (24 h red light) or dark-stored turions were used as an in vitro test system to study initial events of starch degradation. The starch-associated pool of glucan water dikinase (GWD) was investigated by two-dimensiona
American Society of Plant Biologists.
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14. Enzyme Activities Associated with Maize Kernel Amyloplasts 1
Activities of the enzymes of gluconeogenesis and of starch metabolism were measured in extracts of amyloplasts isolated from protoplasts derived from 14-day-old maize (Zea mays L., cv Pioneer 3780) endosperm. The enzymes triosephosphate isomerase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, phosphohexose isomerase, phosphoglucomutase, AD
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15. The Two Plastidial Starch-Related Dikinases Sequentially Phosphorylate Glucosyl Residues at the Surface of Both the A- and B-Type Allomorphs of Crystallized Maltodextrins But the Mode of Action Differs1
In this study, two crystallized maltodextrins were generated that consist of the same oligoglucan pattern but differ strikingly in the physical order of double helices. As revealed by x-ray diffraction, they represent the highly ordered A- and B-type allomorphs. Both crystallized maltodextrins were similar in size distribution and birefringence. They were us
American Society of Plant Biologists.
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16. Effect of Altered Sink: Source Ratio on Photosynthetic Metabolism of Source Leaves 1
When seven crop species were grown under identical environmental conditions, decreased sink:source ratio led to a decreased photosynthetic rate within 1 to 3 days in Cucumis sativus L., Gossypium hirsutum L., and Raphanus sativus L., but not in Capsicum annuum L., Solanum melongena L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., or Ricinus communis L. The decrease was not associ
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17. Adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphatase: A plastidial phosphodiesterase that prevents starch biosynthesis
A distinct phosphodiesterasic activity (EC 3.1.4) was found in both mono- and dicotyledonous plants that catalyzes the hydrolytic breakdown of ADPglucose (ADPG) to produce equimolar amounts of glucose-1-phosphate and AMP. The enzyme responsible for this activity, referred to as ADPG pyrophosphatase (AGPPase), was purified over 1,100-fold from barley leaves a
The National Academy of Sciences.
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18. Differential expression and properties of starch branching enzyme isoforms in developing wheat endosperm.
Three forms of starch branching enzyme (BE) from developing hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) endosperm have been partially purified and characterized. Immunological cross-reactivities indicate that two forms (WBE-IAD, 88 kD, and WBE-IB, 87 kD) are related to the maize BE I class and that WBE-II (88 kD) is related to maize BE II. Comparison of the N-termin
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19. Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants with Decreased Activity of Fructose-6-Phosphate,2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphatase Have Altered Carbon Partitioning1
The role of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2) as a regulatory metabolite in photosynthetic carbohydrate metabolism was studied in transgenic Arabidopsis plants with reduced activity of Fru-6-phosphate,2-kinase/Fru-2,6-bisphosphatase. A positive correlation was observed between the Fru-6-phosphate,2-kinase activity and the level of Fru-2,6-P2 in the leav
American Society of Plant Physiologists.
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20. Influence of pH upon the Warburg Effect in Isolated Intact Spinach Chloroplasts: I. Carbon Dioxide Photoassimilation and Glycolate Synthesis 1
The influence of pH upon the O2 inhibition of 14CO2 photoassimilation (Warburg effect) was examined in intact spinach (Spinacia oleracea) chloroplasts. With conditions which favored the Warburg effect, i.e. rate-limiting CO2 and 100% O2, O2 inhibition was greater at pH 8.4 to 8.5 than at pH 7.5 to 7.8. At pH 8.5, as compared with 7.8, there was an enhanced 1
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21. Synthesis, Acetylation, and Phosphorylation of Histone IV and Its Binding to DNA During Spermatogenesis in Trout*
During spermatogenesis in trout testis, histone IV is extensively modified by acetylation and phosphorylation. To examine the relationship of synthesis of histone IV to its modification, histone IV labeled with [3H]aminoacids and inorganic [32P]phosphate was prepared from testis cells by acid extraction and column chromatography. Purified histone IV was reso
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22. Characteristics of Photosynthate Partitioning during Chloroplast Development in Avena Leaves
The first leaves (40 millimeters long) of 4-day-old light-grown Avena sativa L. cv Victory I seedlings contained a complete age sequence of cells from the base to the tip, and within these tissues all stages of chloroplast development could be observed. Although chloroplasts underwent progressive development, a marked increase in number of thylakoids per gra
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23. Rice SPK, a Calmodulin-Like Domain Protein Kinase, Is Required for Storage Product Accumulation during Seed Development: Phosphorylation of Sucrose Synthase Is a Possible Factor
Suc, an end product of photosynthesis, is metabolized by Suc synthase in sink organs as an initial step in the biosynthesis of storage products. Suc synthase activity is known to be regulated by reversible phosphorylation, but the details of this process are unclear at present. Rice SPK, a calcium-dependent protein kinase, is expressed uniquely in the endosp
American Society of Plant Biologists.
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24. Evidence for a Light Dependent Increase of Phosphoglucomutase Activity in Isolated, Intact Spinach Chloroplasts
Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) activity was measured in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) chloroplasts. Initial enzyme activity in a chloroplast lysate was 5 to 10% of total activity measured with 1 micromolar glucose 1,6-bisphosphate (Glc 1,6-P2) in the assay. Initial PGM activity increased 2- to 3-fold when chloroplasts were illuminated for 10 minutes prior to enzy