Osmotic Adjustment
Mostrando 25-36 de 75 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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25. Influence of Drought Acclimation and CO2 Enrichment on Osmotic Adjustment and Chlorophyll a Fluorescence of Sunflower during Drought
Osmotic adjustment occurred during drought in expanded leaves of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus var Hysun 30) which had been continuously exposed to 660 microliters CO2 per liter or had been previously acclimated to drought. The effect was greatest when the treatments were combined and was negligible in nonacclimated plants grown at 340 microliters CO2 per li
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26. Osmotic Adjustment of Cultured Tobacco Cells (Nicotiana tabacum var. Samsum) Grown on Sodium Chloride 1
Tobacco cell cultures (var. Samsum) were grown on increasing levels of NaCl to select variants for increased salt tolerance. The osmotic adjustment of NaCl-adapted and nonadapted cell lines was studied. Both cell lines were grown on modified Linsmaier and Skoog medium with or without NaCl. Few differences were found in the response of adapted and nonadapted
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27. Characteristics of Cultured Tomato Cells after Prolonged Exposure to Medium Containing Polyethylene Glycol 1
Cell lines of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., cv. VFNT-Cherry) have been isolated, which are capable of growing in media containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 with water potentials as low as −15 or −22 bar. After prolonged exposure to media containing PEG, these cell populations have reduced abilities to grow in the absence of PEG. Upon resusp
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28. Evaluation of Water Stress Control with Polyethylene Glycols by Analysis of Guttation
The water relations of pepper plants (Capsicum frutescens L.) under conditions conducive to guttation were studied to evaluate the control of plant water stress with polyethylene glycols. The addition of polyethylene glycol 6000 to the nutrient solution resulted in water relations similar to those expected in soil at the same water potentials. Specifically,
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29. Osmotic Adjustment, Symplast Volume, and Nonstomatally Mediated Water Stress Inhibition of Photosynthesis in Wheat 1
At low water potential (ψw), dehydration reduces the symplast volume of leaf tissue. The effect of this reduction on photosynthetic capacity was investigated. The influence of osmotic adjustment on this relationship was also examined. To examine these relationships, comparative studies were undertaken on two wheat cultivars, one that osmotically adjusts in
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30. LWR1 and LWR2 Are Required for Osmoregulation and Osmotic Adjustment in Arabidopsis1
With the goal of identifying molecular components of the low-water-potential response, we have carried out a two-part selection and screening strategy to identify new Arabidopsis mutants. Using a system of polyethylene glycol-infused agar plates to impose a constant low-water-potential stress, putative mutants impaired in low-water-potential induction of the
American Society of Plant Biologists.
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31. Freezing Tolerance of Citrus, Spinach, and Petunia Leaf Tissue 1: Osmotic Adjustment and Sensitivity to Freeze Induced Cellular Dehydration
Seasonal variations in freezing tolerance, water content, water and osmotic potential, and levels of soluble sugars of leaves of field-grown Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis) trees were studied to determine the ability of citrus trees to cold acclimate under natural conditions. Controlled environmental studies of young potted citrus trees, spinach (Spinacia
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32. Roles of Sugar Alcohols in Osmotic Stress Adaptation. Replacement of Glycerol by Mannitol and Sorbitol in Yeast1
For many organisms there is a correlation between increases of metabolites and osmotic stress tolerance, but the mechanisms that cause this protection are not clear. To understand the role of polyols, genes for bacterial mannitol-1-P dehydrogenase and apple sorbitol-6-P dehydrogenase were introduced into a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant deficient in glycero
American Society of Plant Physiologists.
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33. Osmotic Adjustment in Leaves of VA Mycorrhizal and Nonmycorrhizal Rose Plants in Response to Drought Stress 1
Osmotic adjustment in Rosa hybrida L. cv Samantha was characterized by the pressure-volume approach in drought-acclimated and unacclimated plants brought to the same level of drought strain, as assayed by stomatal closure. Plants were colonized by either of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus deserticola Trappe, Bloss and Menge or G. intraradic
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34. Leaf Water Potential of Differentially Salinized Plants 1
Water and osmotic potential energies were measured with thermocouple psychrometers, at intervals during a 4-week period, in growing leaves of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, var. Blue Lake) and barley (Hordeum vulgare, var. Liberty) plants having roots equally split between 2 differentially salinized nutrient solutions. The osmotic potentials of plants with half t
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35. Chloroplast Osmotic Adjustment and Water Stress Effects on Photosynthesis 1
Previous studies have suggested that chloroplast stromal volume reduction may mediate the inhibition of photosynthesis under water stress. In this study, the effects of spinach (Spinacia oleracea, var `Winter Bloomsdale') plant water deficits on chloroplast photosynthetic capacity, solute concentrations in chloroplasts, and chloroplast volume were studied. I
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36. Salinity Stress Inhibits Bean Leaf Expansion by Reducing Turgor, Not Wall Extensibility 1
Treatment of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings with low levels of salinity (50 or 100 millimolar NaCl) decreased the rate of light-induced leaf cell expansion in the primary leaves over a 3 day period. This decrease could be due to a reduction in one or both of the primary cellular growth parameters: wall extensibility and cell turgor. Wall extensibilit