Optimal Rule
Mostrando 13-24 de 25 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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13. Optimal sequential sampling from two populations.
Given two statistical populations with unknown means, we consider the problem of sampling chi 1, chi 2, ... sequentially from these populations so as to achieve the greatest possible expected value of the sum Sn = chi 1 + ... + chi n. In particular, for normal populations, we obtain the optimal rule and study its properties when the average of the two popula
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14. An optimal multiple decision rule for signs of parameters
The problem of simultaneously deciding the signs of p parameters based on normally distributed estimators is considered. A decision that a parameter is too close to zero to decide its sign is allowed in order that the probability of at least one incorrect decision can be kept less than a preassigned value. Concepts of upper-convexity and local optimality are
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15. A resource range invariance rule for optimal offspring size predicts patterns of variability in parental phenotypes
Previous analysis of the rules regarding how much more a female should invest in a litter of size C rather than producing a litter with one more offspring revealed an invariance relationship between litter size and the range of resources per offspring in any litter size. The rule is that the range of resources per offspring should be inversely proportional t
The National Academy of Sciences.
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16. Cost Effectiveness of Early Detection of Disease
A methodological framework for the cost-effectiveness evaluation of diagnostic tests for mass screening is presented. The decision rule is based on disease incidence, probabilities of test error, the cost of the test and of treatment for found cases, and the economic value (expected lifetime earnings or equivalent) of additional length or quality of life for
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17. Mast cell numbers in melanocytic naevi and cutaneous neurofibromas.
This study aimed to determine the diagnostic utility of mast cell densities in distinguishing neurotised ("neural") melanocytic naevi from neurofibromas. Three groups of lesions were studied: neurofibromas, neural naevi, and naevi showing no neural change (control naevi). A Giemsa stain was used to demonstrate mast cells. The median mast cell density in the
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18. Inverse radiation dose-rate effects on somatic and germ-line mutations and DNA damage rates
The mutagenic effect of low linear energy transfer ionizing radiation is reduced for a given dose as the dose rate (DR) is reduced to a low level, a phenomenon known as the direct DR effect. Our reanalysis of published data shows that for both somatic and germ-line mutations there is an opposite, inverse DR effect, with reduction from low to very low DR, the
The National Academy of Sciences.
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19. On the impossibility of predicting the behavior of rational agents
A foundational assumption in economics is that people are rational: they choose optimal plans of action given their predictions about future states of the world. In games of strategy this means that each player's strategy should be optimal given his or her prediction of the opponents' strategies. We demonstrate that there is an inherent tension between ratio
The National Academy of Sciences.
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20. Density of points clustering, application to transcriptomic data analysis
With the increasing amount of data produced by high-throughput technologies in many fields of science, clustering has become an integral step in exploratory data analysis in order to group similar elements into classes. However, many clustering algorithms can only work properly if aided by human expertise. For example, one parameter which is crucial and ofte
Oxford University Press.
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21. Characterization of a Baculovirus Alkaline Nuclease†
All baculovirus genomes sequenced to date encode a homolog of an alkaline nuclease that has been characterized in the Herpesviridae. In this report we describe the characterization of the alkaline nuclease (AN) homolog of the Autographa californica multinucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) (open reading frame 133). His-tagged AN constructs were express
American Society for Microbiology.
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22. Analysis of Sequence-Tagged-Connector Strategies for DNA Sequencing
The BAC-end sequencing, or sequence-tagged-connector (STC), approach to genome sequencing involves sequencing the ends of BAC inserts to scatter sequence tags (STCs) randomly across the genome. Once any BAC or other large segment of DNA is sequenced to completion by conventional shotgun approaches, these STC tags can be used to identify a minimum tiling path
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
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23. Automatic generation of primary sequence patterns from sets of related protein sequences.
We have developed a computer algorithm that can extract the pattern of conserved primary sequence elements common to all members of a homologous protein family. The method involves clustering the pairwise similarity scores among a set of related sequences to generate a binary dendrogram (tree). The tree is then reduced in a stepwise manner by progressively r
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24. To catheterise or not to catheterise? An approach based on decision theory.
To determine whether or not patients require cardiac catheterisation before surgery a computer based mathematical model was constructed based on decision theory. The model was specifically applied to sick infants under 3 months of age with suspected coarctation of the aorta, and a three way sensitivity analysis was carried out to assess the effects on the mo